多能性状態の移行は,マウスとヒトの胚の形態変異を調整する

Marta N Shahbazi¹, Antonio Scialdone², Natalia Skorupska¹

¹Mammalian Embryo and Stem Cell Group, University of Cambridge, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK.

Nature

|November 30, 2017

まとめ

哺乳類の胚の発達には素朴な多能性からの脱出が重要ですこの変異によりエピブラストの表皮化が可能になりヒトの胎内腔とネズミの胎内腔のような欠かせない穴が形成されます

科学分野:

発達生物学
幹細胞生物学
細胞生物学

背景:

哺乳類の発達は,表皮細胞が表皮化していることから生じる.
多能状態は分子的に特徴づけられるが,その発達的役割は不明である.
エピテリア化と空洞形成は発達初期における根本的な出来事です

研究の目的:

哺乳類の胚発達の過程における多能性の生物学的意義を調査する.
エピブラストの表皮化と穴の形成におけるナイヴ・プルリポテンツ状態からの脱出の役割を決定する.
プラリポテンシー脱出と光生成を結びつける分子メカニズムを解明する.

主な方法:

マウスの胚と植入後のヒトの胚を培養した.
胚性幹細胞を使って素朴な多能性をモデル化しました
遺伝子発現タンパク質の局所化組織形態の分析

主要な成果:

ネイブの多能性からの脱出は,マウスの胚で表皮質の表皮化と親胎腔の形成に不可欠である.
胎児の幹細胞は二極化できるが,光は形成できない.
素朴な多能性からの脱出は,オクト4依存の転写プログラムを活性化させ,シアロムシンの発現と発光につながる.
人間の胚では産卵性の多能性が生じると胎盤の形成と発達が始まります

結論:

哺乳類の発達中の組織構造の確立には,多能性状態の間の移行が不可欠である.
多能性離脱は,発光と発育の進行の前提条件です.
組織レベルのアーキテクチャは,多能状態を定義するための新しい基準を提供します.

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