53-キビット量子シミュレータによる多体ダイナミック・フェーズ移行の観測
J Zhang1, G Pagano1, P W Hess1
1Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
Nature
|December 1, 2017
まとめ
研究者は53キビット量子シミュレータを使って 横断フィールドのイッシングモデルにおける ダイナミック・フェーズ移行を観察しました この研究は従来の統計力学を超えた 複雑な量子多体行動を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 量子シミュレーション
- 量子多体物理学
- 量子情報科学
背景:
- 量子シミュレータは,複雑な量子多体問題をモデル化するために制御された量子ビット (量子ビット) を利用します.
- 量子ビット制御の進歩により 材料設計や分子モデリングの問題を 解決できます
- 普遍的な量子コンピュータは 計算上難しい問題の解決を 約束しています
研究 の 目的:
- 量子シミュレータを使用して長距離相互作用を持つ横断フィールドイジングモデルの非均衡ダイナミクスを調査する.
- 従来の統計的メカニズムが適用できない状況での現象を調査する.
- 遠距離相互作用と高量子ビットの接続性から生じる計算的に難解な特性を探査する.
主な方法:
- 量子シミュレータを使って 53個の量子ビットで 捕まったイオンスピンを表現した
- 調整可能な強度と範囲で,グローバル,長距離のイージングの相互作用を実装した.
- 単発相関分析のための高効率 (ほぼ99%) を測定した個々の量子ビット.
主要な成果:
- ハミルトニアンの突然の変化に伴う ダイナミックな相変化を観測した.
- 任意の多体相関を直接探査する能力を示した.
- 複雑なダイナミクスを明らかにし, 長い距離の相互作用のために古典的な計算に難解な特徴を明らかにしました.
結論:
- 量子シミュレータは非均衡量子力学を研究するための強力なツールです.
- この研究は,長距離相互作用のシステムにおけるダイナミックな相移行を成功裏に実証した.
- 高精度測定により 複雑な量子現象を直接観測できます
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