微生物群全体の関連を超えて,因果的な微生物の識別
Neeraj K Surana1,2, Dennis L Kasper1
1Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|December 7, 2017
まとめ
微生物群全体の関連性研究では 原因ではなく 関連性が見られます この研究では 病原体と健康に影響を及ぼす 特定の腸内細菌を特定するために 微生物の表型を三角化し始めました
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 腸内微生物群の変化と疾患の関連性に関する研究は行われているが,しばしば因果的な洞察が欠けている.
- 病原菌の原因となる特定の微生物を 特定することは依然として困難です
研究 の 目的:
- 原因微生物を特定するための微生物現象型三角法の開発と検証.
- 微生物研究における相関研究を超えて因果関係を確立する.
主な方法:
- 大腸炎のモデルで定義された微生物コミュニティを持つグノトバイオティックマウスを利用した.
- ハイブリッドの微生物群を作り 中間フェノタイプを評価する実験を行いました
- 親とハイブリッドのマウスモデルにおける微生物-フェノタイプ関係をマッピングした.
主要な成果:
- 微生物の現象型を三角化することで 騒音が軽減され 原因となる微生物が特定されました
- 菌族ラックノスピラセア (Lachnospiraceae) は大腸炎に対する保護と関連していました.
- 結腸炎に対する保護を与える新しい種であるClostridium immunisを発見し,分離した.
結論:
- 微生物-フェノタイプ三角化は,複雑な微生物群データから因果的な微生物を特定するための効果的な戦略です.
- このアプローチは,病原性および抗菌ペプチド誘導などの宿主フェノタイプを調節する共生生物を特定することができます.
- この方法は,病気を調節するバクテリアを検出するためのヒトの微生物群の研究に広く適用できます.
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