宇宙の歴史の最初の10億年の間,巨大なハロで銀河の成長
D P Marrone1, J S Spilker1, C C Hayward2,3
1Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
Nature
|December 7, 2017
まとめ
天文学者はビッグバンから8億年以内に 赤い偏移6.9で 巨大な銀河の2つを 発見しました この発見により 珍しい初期の宇宙構造が明らかになり 銀河の形成に関する洞察が得られます
科学分野:
- 宇宙学
- 銀河の形成 と 進化
- 初期の宇宙の天体物理学
背景:
- 宇宙構造の形成モデルは 高密度の領域における初期の銀河の先駆者を予測する.
- これらの早期の大規模な構造を観察することは,検出感度と調査幅の要件のために困難です.
- このような物体はほとんど検出されず 初期の巨大な銀河の前駆体の希少性を強調しています
研究 の 目的:
- 極赤外線で光る 珍しい物体の発見と特徴を報告する
- 宇宙の初期に 恒星を形成した 超大質量銀河の性質を調べる
- 初期の巨大銀河の形成メカニズムと環境の影響を理解する
主な方法:
- 遠くの明るい物体の初期検出に 広場調査を利用した.
- 検出されたオブジェクトの構造を解明するために高解像度画像を使用します.
- 赤偏移,恒星形成率,ガス/塵の含有量を測定するために分析したスペクトルデータ.
主要な成果:
- 赤道偏移6.9で2つの融合し,非常に大きな恒星を形成している銀河を発見した. ビッグバンから8億年.
- このより大きな銀河は,恒星形成の速度は年間2900太陽質量で,270億太陽質量のガスと25億太陽質量の塵があります.
- 伴星銀河には 太陽の質量35億個の星があり 恒星形成の速度は年間540個の太陽質量で ガスと塵はかなり少ないのです
結論:
- 観測された銀河は100億太陽質量を超えるダークマターのハロの存在を示唆し,この時代に最もまれに予想されます.
- より大きな銀河の急速な恒星形成は 合併している同伴星によって引き起こされているようです
- これらの発見は 初期の宇宙における 最も巨大な宇宙構造の組み立てについて 重要な洞察を与えてくれます
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