メコン下流域の食糧安全保障の将来を向上させるための河川の流れの設計
J L Sabo1,2,3, A Ruhi2,4, G W Holtgrieve5
1Future H2O, Knowledge Enterprise Development, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. john.l.sabo@asu.edu.
まとめ
水力発電所が 食糧安全保障を脅かすのは 熱帯の川の流れを 変えてしまうからです 河川の流れを管理することで 自然の洪水パルス変動を真似ることで 魚の収穫量が大幅に増加し 世界中で何百万もの魚を養うことができます
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 漁業管理
- 水学
背景:
- 熱帯川は世界の食糧安全保障に 極めて重要で 自然の洪水による魚の生産で 1億5千万人を支えています
- 水力発電はクリーンなエネルギーを提供する一方で 河川の洪水動態を変化させることで 食糧安全保障に重大な脅威をもたらします
研究 の 目的:
- 熱帯川がもたらす食糧安全保障に対する水力発電の影響を調査する.
- メコン川の洪水脈動の 重要な要素を特定し 漁業の収穫を予測する
- 管理された水文アルゴリズムを開発し,将来の魚の収穫を最適化します.
主な方法:
- メコン川の洪水パルス内の分散要素の分析
- 放出差に基づく漁業生産量の予測アルゴリズムの開発
- 生産率を決定する洪水パルス属性を模倣するように設計された管理された水表のシミュレーション.
主要な成果:
- メコン川の洪水パルスの主要な変動要素は 漁業生産量の予測要因として特定されました
- 魚の生産を向上させるため,川の水表を管理するための新しいアルゴリズムが作成されました.
- 設計された水表は,過去の流れパターンと比較して,漁業の収穫量を 3.7 倍に増加させる可能性を証明しました.
結論:
- 河川流出の多様性を管理することは,河川流域の食糧システムの効率化にとって極めて重要です.
- 水力発電が重要な淡水漁業に及ぼす悪影響を軽減できるのです
- 持続可能な水力発電の発展には,依存する人口の継続的な食糧安全保障を確保するために,生態学的流れのニーズを統合する必要があります.
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