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関連する概念動画

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

2.7K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

16.4K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
16.4K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

9.1K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
9.1K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

7.6K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

17.1K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
17.1K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

17.0K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Murine Superficial Lymph Node Surgery
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Murine Superficial Lymph Node Surgery

Published on: May 21, 2012

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エフェクタ CD8 T細胞は長寿記憶細胞に分化する

Ben Youngblood1,2,3, J Scott Hale1,2, Haydn T Kissick4

  • 1Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.

Nature
|December 14, 2017
PubMed
まとめ

長期記憶性CD8T細胞は,効果性T細胞のサブセットから脱差別化プロセスを経て発達する. これはエピジェネティック再プログラムで 素朴な細胞の遺伝子が再発し 強固なT細胞免疫を可能にします

さらに関連する動画

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells
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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

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A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice
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A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice

Published on: January 5, 2021

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Murine Superficial Lymph Node Surgery
04:36

Murine Superficial Lymph Node Surgery

Published on: May 21, 2012

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Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells
14:23

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

Published on: April 16, 2012

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A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice
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A DNA/Ki67-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Cell Cycle Analysis of Antigen-Specific CD8 T Cells in Vaccinated Mice

Published on: January 5, 2021

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科学分野:

  • 免疫学
  • 細胞生物学
  • エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • 耐久性CD8T細胞は適応性免疫に不可欠であり,病原体への再暴露時に迅速な反応を提供します.
  • メモリCD8T細胞の発達の起源は,ナイブ細胞かエフェクタ細胞か,という議論は長年にわたり続いている.
  • メモリCD8T細胞は,ナイブ細胞とエフェクタ細胞の両方の特徴を示し,その系統の決定を複雑にする.

研究 の 目的:

  • 長期記憶のCD8T細胞の発達の起源を調査する
  • 効果体から記憶体 CD8 T 細胞への移行を制御する表遺伝的メカニズムを解明する.
  • メモリCD8T細胞は,ネイブ細胞から直接発生するか,エフェクタ細胞からの脱差プロセスを経て発生するかを決定する.

主な方法:

  • マウスにおける急性リンパ球性膜炎ウイルス感染時のウイルス特異性CD8T細胞におけるDNAメチル化パターンの分析.
  • 末端エフェクタとメモリ前駆体CD8T細胞のサブセット間の表遺伝子状態の比較
  • 記憶細胞の発達におけるメチルトランスフェラーゼDnmt3aの条件付きの削除
  • 移転された記憶先駆体エフェクタ細胞の長方形現象と表遺伝的特徴.

主要な成果:

  • メモリーCD8T細胞は,ネイブ細胞から直接ではなく,脱差別化によってエフェクターT細胞のサブセットから派生します.
  • 記憶細胞の発達には,ナイヴ関連遺伝子のDNAメチル化とエフェクタ分子ロシの脱メチル化が含まれる.
  • Dnmt3aの条件付消去は,メチル化を減らし,ネイブ遺伝子の再発を促進することによって,記憶細胞の発達を加速した.
  • 記憶細胞への差別化は,デノボメチレーションの消去と,ナイヴ関連遺伝子の再発と関連している.

結論:

  • 長期記憶のCD8T細胞は,分化される運命許容性エフェクターT細胞のサブセットから発生する.
  • エピジェネティック再プログラム,特にナイヴ関連遺伝子のエピジェネティック抑制の逆転は,メモリCD8T細胞形成の鍵です.
  • この研究では,記憶CD8T細胞は,表遺伝的可塑性を含むプロセスを通して,エフェクタ細胞から発生することを示しています.