GPCR薬剤標的の薬物ゲノミクス
Alexander S Hauser1, Sreenivas Chavali2, Ikuo Masuho3
1MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cell
|December 19, 2017
まとめ
Gタンパク質結合受容体 (GPCR) の遺伝的変異は,薬物反応に影響する. これらの遺伝的違いを理解することで 薬剤の精度が向上し 公衆衛生上の負担が軽減できます
科学分野:
- ファルマゲノミクス
- 人間 の 遺伝子
- 薬物の発見
背景:
- 自然の遺伝的多様性は 個人の薬物反応に影響し,公衆衛生上の課題となっています.
- Gタンパク質結合受容体 (GPCR) は重要な薬剤標的であり,FDAが承認した475の薬剤は108のGPCRを標的とし,世界的な収益を大きく生み出しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 人口の中で薬剤標的のGPCRの遺伝的変異の流行を調査する.
- 薬剤反応に対する特定のGPCRの影響を実験的に検証する.
- 処方箋の精度を高めるためのGPCR変種特徴化の可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 68,496人の遺伝子データを分析し,GPCRの変異を特定した.
- マイクロオピオイドとコレシストキニンA受容体のバリエーションの実験的検証
- 英国国立保健局の処方箋と販売データの検討
主要な成果:
- 薬剤およびエフェクタ結合部位などの機能領域を含む,薬剤標的GPCRで有意な遺伝的変異が発見されました.
- マイクロオピオイドとコレシストキニンA受容体の特定の変異は,薬剤への変化または有害な反応を示した.
- GPCRの変異データにより,より正確な薬の処方ができます.
結論:
- GPCRの遺伝的変異は一般的であり,薬剤の有効性と安全性に影響します.
- GPCRの変種を特徴づけることで パーソナライズされた医療への道が開かれ 患者の治療結果が改善されます
- GPCR遺伝子を基に処方箋を調整することで,薬剤反応の変動に伴う経済的・社会的負担を軽減することができます.
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