微生物群 は 産前 と 成人 の 微生 細胞 に 性別 特定 の 仕方 で 影響 を 及ぼす
Morgane Sonia Thion1, Donovan Low2, Aymeric Silvin2
1Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole normale supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France.
Cell
|December 26, 2017
まとめ
マイクログリアの発達と機能は 性別と微生物群によって影響を受けます これらの要因は 脳の健康や病気に影響する 発達におけるマイクログリアに 異なる影響を及ぼします
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 免疫学
- 発達生物学
背景:
- 脳の免疫細胞であるマイクログリアは 神経の発達や ホメオスタシス 疾患に不可欠です
- 内在的 (例えば,性別) と外在的 (例えば,微生物群) 要因によるマイクログリア特性の時間的調節を理解することは不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- マイクログリアル分化と微生物群の変化に対する応答の時間的および性二形態的調節を調査する.
- ネズミとヒトの胎児の微小細胞の 複写体シグネチャーを比較する
主な方法:
- マイクログリアル分化段階を特定するためのトランスクリプトミカル分析とクロマチンのアクセシビリティプロフィール.
- 微生物群の影響を評価するために,細菌のないマウスモデルと,抗生物質を投与したマウスを用いる.
- ネズミとヒトの胎児のマイクログリア遺伝子発現の比較分析
主要な成果:
- マイクログリアは分化時に異なったトランスクリプトミックとエピジェネティックシグネチャーを示し,成人男性と女性の間で異なっている.
- マイクロバイオームの欠如は,男性胚と女性成人の場合,より大きな干渉で,時間および性別に依存する方法でマイクログリアに顕著な影響を及ぼします.
- 抗生物質治療は,ミクロバイオータの枯渇に対する急性および長期の性バイアスのマイクログリアル反応を明らかにします.
- 人間の胎児のマイクログリアは,ネズミのマイクログリアと重要なトランスクリプトミックの類似性を共有しています.
結論:
- 産前段階から環境要因に対する微小膠質の反応は 性別と時間に依存する.
- これらの発見は,健康と病気におけるマイクログリアルの役割,特に性差と微生物群の相互作用に関する理解に重要な意味を持っています.
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