GPX4によるセレニウム利用は,ヒドロペロキシド誘発フェロプトーシスを予防するために必要である
Irina Ingold1, Carsten Berndt2, Sabine Schmitt3
1Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Developmental Genetics, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Cell
|January 2, 2018
まとめ
セレニウム
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 分子生物学
- 神経科学
背景:
- セレノプロテインは,第21アミノ酸セレノシステインを含む希少なタンパク質で,セレニウム置換によってシステインと異なる.
- 多くのセレノプロテインにはシステインの同型があるため,セレノ酸のチオ酸に対する触媒的優位性は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の発達と神経機能におけるセレノシステインを含むGPX4の特定の役割を調査する.
- GPX4の触媒作用のメカニズム的基礎と細胞生存への影響を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 遺伝子操作でGPX4を マウスで作りました
- 胚形成と内部ニューロンの生存を中心に発達現象を評価した.
- フェロプトーシス誘導を含む酸化ストレスに対する細胞反応を調査した.
- GPX4変異体がある場合の他のセレノプロテインの削除の影響を調べた.
主要な成果:
- GPX4におけるセレノシステインベースの触媒は正常な胚形成には欠かせないが,腸内ニューロンの生存には不可欠であり,を予防する.
- GPX4のセレノシステイン分子は,過酸化に抵抗し,過酸化によるフェロプトーシスから細胞を保護する.
- GPX4システインの変種を持つ細胞は,過酸化によって引き起こされるフェロプトーシスに対して非常に敏感である.
- セレノプロテインは,GPX4の活動が部分的に維持されれば,細胞の生存に欠かせない.
結論:
- この研究は,GPX4経由でセレニウムが致命的な発作を予防する際の 特殊で不可欠な役割を果たすことを示しています.
- セレノシステインがもたらすGPX4のユニークな触媒性能は,酸化ストレス下におけるニューロンの生存に不可欠です.
- 発見から200年後の 哺乳類におけるセレニウムの 決定的な機能を明らかにしました
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