地球と火星の原始的な水圏の運命を分ける
Jon Wade1, Brendan Dyck2,3, Richard M Palin4
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK.
Nature
|January 3, 2018
まとめ
火星は地殻の水分反応によって地表の水を失っているかもしれない. 火星の地殻は惑星の奥深くに より多くの水を閉じ込めることができ 地質学的進化と居住可能性に 影響を及ぼします
科学分野:
- 惑星科学
- 地化学
- 地質学
背景:
- 地球はマントルのプロセスによって地表水を保持し,火星は歴史の初期に地表水を失いました.
- 火星の地殻の蛇形化は,変形性水分反応による重要な水分収縮を示唆している.
研究 の 目的:
- 惑星の表面からの水分除去を 水分化された地殻の変形によって定量化する.
- 地球と火星における高圧と高温下における鉱物移行による質量密度の変化を計算する.
- 地殻の水分が惑星の水分流失やマントルの進化に 果たす役割を理解する
主な方法:
- 埋葬と水分化されたマフィア殻の変形によって除去された相対的な水量.
- 高圧と高温で鉱物変異に起因する量密度の変化を計算する.
- 火星と地上の地殻の水分化能力と密度の変化を比較した.
主要な成果:
- 火星の変形組織は,地上のものよりも ~25%の構造的に結合した水を保持し,より深いところにそれを保持します.
- 火星のマントルの9%以上は水性ミネラルを含んでいるが,地球のマントルの4%以上は含んでいる.
- 水分化した火星の地殻は 密度の変化が最小で 乾燥すると密度が高くなり 埋葬が容易になります
結論:
- 初期の火星の地殻を 停滞した状態で埋めたことで マントルの水分を大量に吸収し 酸化させました
- 地球の浮遊する地殻とより熱い地熱の傾きは,表面に水を留め,上層マントルの初期の水分化を制限しました.
- 地殻の水分化と地形構造の違いが 異なる水の歴史と 地球と火星の生命の可能性を説明しています
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