腸内微生物群に対する敵意と,そのVibrio choleraeの毒性に対する影響
Wenjing Zhao, Florence Caro, William Robins
1Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. john_mekalanos@hms.harvard.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 13, 2018
まとめ
Vibrio choleraeは,腸内微生物を殺すためにそのタイプVI分泌システム (T6SS) を使用し,自身のコロニー化と毒性を強化します. 腹を悪化させるが 病原体の伝播を助長する.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 病原性
- バクテリア分泌システム
背景:
- タイプVI分泌システム (T6SS) は,バクテリアが効果タンパク質を標的細胞に供給するために使用する複雑な分子装置である.
- T6SSの機能を理解することは,細菌の病原体に対する戦略の開発に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内の宿主-微生物群の相互作用におけるVibrio cholerae* T6SSの役割を調査する.
- T6SS媒介の対抗性がV. choleraeの病原性および伝播にどのように影響するかを決定する.
主な方法:
- 腸内微生物群との *Vibrio cholerae* のコロニー化と相互作用を研究するマウスモデル.
- 細菌の毒性遺伝子発現と宿主の先天的な免疫反応の分析
- 下痢症状と病原体の伝播効率の評価
主要な成果:
- *Vibrio cholerae* T6SSは,マウスの腸内での共生細菌を攻撃し,殺すことが判明しました.
- この敵対的な活動は,V.コレラの腸内コロニー化と毒性の遺伝子発現を強めた.
- TSSB媒介の攻撃は,宿主の先天的な免疫遺伝子の発現を高め,より重度の下痢を引き起こした.
結論:
- V. コレラがT6SSを介し,共生微生物群を殺すことで,病原体としての適性を向上させる.
- 微生物の敵対性は腸内コロニー化や毒性を促進し,潜在的に新しい宿主への感染を促進します.
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