結核に対する保護的な先天的免疫を生み出すために,BCGは血液形成幹細胞を教育する
Eva Kaufmann1, Joaquin Sanz2, Jonathan L Dunn1
1Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, McGill International TB Centre, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
Cell
|January 13, 2018
まとめ
生まれながらの免疫記憶は,以前は不可能と考えられていたが,バチルス・カルメッテ・ゲーリン (BCG) の培養による血液形成性幹細胞 (HSC) によって生成される. この再プログラムにより 結核に対するマクロファージの保護が強化されます
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- ヘマトポエシス
- 感染症
背景:
- 適応免疫は伝統的に免疫記憶の唯一の所有者と考えられていた.
- 生まれつきの免疫細胞は 記憶のような特性を 示すように"訓練"できるという 新しい証拠があります
- 生まれながらの免疫記憶生成のメカニズムと体内の部位はほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 生体内における先天的な免疫記憶形成のメカニズムと位置を調査する.
- バチルス・カルメッテ・ゲーリン (BCG) が長続きする免疫記憶を誘発できるかどうかを判断する.
- ワクチン開発のために血液形成性幹細胞 (HSC) を標的とする可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- ネズミにBCGを投与し,骨髄 (BM) の血液生成性幹細胞 (HSC) と多能性原始細胞 (MPP) を分析した.
- 転写プロファイリングを用いて,HSCとプロジェニータ細胞の変化を評価した.
- 細胞の系統と機能を追跡するために,養子移植とともに,パラビオティックとキメリックマウスモデルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 骨髄へのBCGアクセスは,HSCとMPPの転写パターンを変化させ,リンパ形成よりも骨髄形成を促進した.
- BCGで形成されたHSCは,毒性の高いMycobacterium tuberculosisに対する強化された保護を与えるエピジェネティックに改変されたマクロファージを生成しました.
- BCG誘発のHSC再プログラムにより,モノサイト/マクロファージの系統はin vivoで持続的に訓練された.
結論:
- 血液形成幹細胞 (HSC) のBCGによる再プログラムにより,先天的な免疫記憶が確立されます.
- このHSC媒介の先天的な免疫記憶は 結核に対する保護を強化します
- HSCコンパートメントをターゲットにすることは,ワクチン開発の新たな戦略です.
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