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ドロソフィラ の 初期 の 視覚 システム で の 色 の 処理
Christopher Schnaitmann1, Väinö Haikala1, Eva Abraham1
1Department for Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute of Biology I, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Cell
|January 13, 2018
まとめ
研究者たちは 果物ハエの色彩認識を研究し 初期の視覚回路が 色彩情報を処理することを発見しました この処理は脊椎動物と似ているが 異なる分子メカニズムで 最初のシナプスで起こります
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 視覚科学
- 昆虫 生物学
背景:
- カラービジョンは 異なる光受容体からの信号を比較することに 依存しています
- 色対照ニューロンは 差異刺激と阻害によってスペクトル情報をエンコードします
- モデル生物の色覚の神経基礎を理解することで 保存された原理の洞察が得られます
研究 の 目的:
- ドロソフィラの視覚系における色対照処理の回路実装を調査する.
- 初期カラービジョンに関わる特定の神経経路と分子メカニズムを特定する.
- 昆虫と脊椎動物の間の色対照処理の進化的起源を比較する
主な方法:
- 2フォトンのカルシウム画像を用いて 神経活動を監視した
- 特定の視覚回路を分析するために 遺伝子解剖を用いた
- 光受容器の端末とシナプス相互作用を調べた.
主要な成果:
- UVショート/ブルーとUVロング/グリーンに対する色対照処理はR7/R8光受容器端末で確立されている.
- R7とR8光受容体間の相互抑制は,HisCl1ヒスタミン受容体を通して発生する.
- オートヒスタミン受容体が関与するフィードバック抑制は,この処理を調節する.
結論:
- ドロソフィラの最初の視覚シナプスに存在します.
- この初期の処理は脊椎動物と共有する原理であり,収束する進化を示唆している.
- 異なる分子と細胞のメカニズムは 色の視覚の 独立した進化の軌道を強調しています
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