運動 速度 と 歩行 の 選択 を 決定 する 中脳 回路
V Caggiano1, R Leiras1,2, H Goñi-Erro1,2
1Mammalian Locomotor Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Nature
|January 18, 2018
まとめ
科学者は動物の速度と歩き方を制御する 特定の脳幹ニューロンを特定しました 中脳におけるグルタマタージック刺激性ニューロン (GlutN)
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 動物 の 行動
- モーター コントロール
背景:
- 移動は動物の生存と行動に不可欠です
- 脳幹の構造は 運動を制御しますが 特定のニューロンの基底は不明です
- 異なる行動 (例えば,探検,脱出) は,異なる速度と歩みを要求します.
研究 の 目的:
- 速度と歩き方の選択に伴う神経メカニズムを解明する.
- 特定の中脳核と 運動行動を制御する ニューロンタイプを特定する
- 文脈依存の運動における 異なるニューロン集団の役割を区別する.
主な方法:
- マウスの体内の電気生理学
- オプトジェネティックな ニューロンの操作
- ニューロンの接続と活性化ダイナミクスの分析
- 速度と歩行分析を含む移動に関する行動分析
主要な成果:
- 状核 (CnF) とペドンキュロポンチン核 (PPN) のグルタマタージック興奮神経細胞 (GlutNs) は運動を制御する.
- CnFとPPNの両方のGlutNは,ゆっくりと交互に歩く運動に寄与します.
- CnF GlutNは高速で同期した動きを制御します
- PPNとCnFGlutNの独特の活性化ダイナミクスと接続パターンは,それぞれ探索行動と脱出行動をサポートします.
結論:
- 中脳核の2つであるCnFとPPNには 移動を制御する異なるGlutNの集団があります
- これらのGlutN集団は,探索や逃亡のような文脈に依存した運動行動を選択するために協調して行動します.
- この発見は 行動需要に基づく 適応運動制御のための 神経回路を示しています
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