生まれつきのリンパ球と適応性リンパ球は,腸内微生物群と脂質代謝を順次形成する
Kairui Mao1, Antonio P Baptista1, Samira Tamoutounour2
1Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Nature
|January 25, 2018
まとめ
生まれながらのリンパ性細胞 (ILC) とT細胞は順番に腸内微生物群を形成する. ILCは,T細胞によって制御されない場合,IL-22シグナル伝達を通じて宿主脂質代謝を損なう.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 微生物群の研究
- メタボリック・ホメオスタシス
背景:
- 哺乳類の腸内微生物群と宿主は 互いにとって有益な関係を保ち 微生物群はバランスの取れた状態に 成熟します
- 生まれながらのリンパ性細胞 (ILC) とT細胞は病原体制御に不可欠ですが,成熟した腸内微生物群を形成し,ホメオスタシスを維持する際の役割は不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- 腸内微生物群の発達と宿主の代謝性ホメオスタシスにおける先天性リンパ球 (ILC) とT細胞の連続的な役割を調査する.
- ILCとT細胞が腸環境と宿主生理に影響を与えるメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- マウスの細胞信号伝達経路を分析した.
- 免疫不全のマウス (CD4+ T細胞が欠けている) と免疫能力のあるマウスを腸内微生物群の成熟期と比較した.
主要な成果:
- IL-23とIL-22によって誘発されたグループ3のILCと腸内皮質細胞で,CD4+T細胞がない状態で,持続的なリン酸化STAT3シグネチャーが確認された.
- 免疫能力のあるマウスでは,CD4+ T細胞免疫が発達するにつれて,一時的な酸化STAT3活性化が観察されました.
- T細胞不足のマウスにおけるIL-22の持続的な生成は,脂質トランスポーターの発現を低下させ,宿主の脂質代謝を低下させた.
結論:
- 生まれつきのリンパ球と適応性リンパ球は,発達過程で連続して働き,腸内共生と代謝性ホメオスタシスを確立する.
- ILCとT細胞の相互作用は,腸内微生物群と宿主代謝の調節に不可欠であり,脂質代謝に影響を与える明確な役割を持っています.
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