タイの保健システム開発: 普遍的な保健医療の実施に成功するための堅固な基盤
Viroj Tangcharoensathien1, Woranan Witthayapipopsakul1, Warisa Panichkriangkrai1
1International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 5, 2018
まとめ
タイ
科学分野:
- 健康経済学
- 公衆衛生政策
- 医療制度の強化
背景:
- 1970年代以降のタイの保健開発は,インフラと労働力の訓練に焦点を当てた.
- 標的型保険制度により,2002年に普遍的な健康保険 (UHC) が導入された.
- UHCは,国民所得が低いにもかかわらず,会員からの寄付ではなく,一般の税金で賄われています.
研究 の 目的:
- タイの普遍的な健康保険制度の影響を評価する.
- 金融アクセス,健康成果,公平性の改善を評価する.
- タイの保健医療制度の残った課題を特定する.
主な方法:
- 医療の資金調達と成果に関する経験的証拠の分析
- 医療インフラ,労働力,保険制度に関する政策決定の検討
- UHC制度内の戦略的購入メカニズムの評価
主要な成果:
- 医療費を大幅に削減する
- 医学的貧困と地方の幼児死亡率の格差を大幅に減らす
- 抗レトロウイルス療法や 腎臓置換療法などの 効果的な介入が 成人の命を救いました
結論:
- タイのUHC制度は,一般の税金で資金調達され,財政上の障壁を削減し,健康の公平性を改善しました.
- 戦略的購入により効率が向上し,コストが抑えられました.
- 人口の高齢化,非伝染性疾患の予防,道路交通事故の減少,糖尿病と結核の制御など,重要な課題が残っています.
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