認知能力は集団の大きさに関係し,オーストラリアのオオカミの体調に影響する
Benjamin J Ashton1, Amanda R Ridley1, Emily K Edwards1
1Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Nature
|February 8, 2018
まとめ
大規模な社会集団で暮らすことで 認知能力と繁殖能力が向上します これは 社会的複雑性が 種の内での 認知の発達と進化を促すことを示唆しています
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 認知科学
- 動物の行動
背景:
- 社会知能仮説は 社会的複雑性が 認知の進化を促すと提案しています
- 比較研究は,種間の社会性と認知を結びつける結果が混じっていることを示しています.
- 認知的な結果を理解するために 社会性における内定的な変化を調査する必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 社会的集団の大きさとオーストラリアのオオカミの認知能力の関係について調査する.
- 認知能力が 種内の繁殖成功と関連しているかどうかを判断する.
- 社会性-認知のリンクの発達的出現を探求する.
主な方法:
- 野生のオーストラリアのオオカミを研究した
- 4つのタスクで認知能力を評価し,一般知能の要素を分析した.
- 異なる年齢の未成年者に 繰り返し認知テストを行いました
- 女性生殖成功の複数の指標と相関する認知能力
主要な成果:
- より大きな社会集団の個人は 認知能力の向上を示しました
- 認知能力はタスクごとに一致しており 一般的な知能の要因を示唆しています
- 集団の大きさと認知能力の正の相関は 幼少期から明らかでした
- 女性の認知能力の向上は,生殖能力の向上と関連していた.
結論:
- 特定の社会性は 認知の発達を促進します
- 認知機能には選択的な利点があり 生殖の成功と結びついています
- これらの発見は 種内の認知の進化を形作る 社会性の役割を支持しています
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