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Fabrication and Design of Wood-Based High-Performance Composites
Published on: November 9, 2019
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大量天然木材を高性能構造材に加工する
Jianwei Song1, Chaoji Chen1, Shuze Zhu2
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
Nature
|February 9, 2018
まとめ
自然木を高性能な構造材料に 変換する新しい2段階のプロセスを開発しました この強化された木材は 強度や頑丈性 そして弾道抵抗性を 10倍以上高め 金属の代替品として 持続可能になります
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- バイオ材料工学
- 持続可能な素材
背景:
- 鋼や複合材料のような伝統的な構造材料には 重量,環境への影響,高コストなどの欠点があります.
- 自然木は豊富で安価ですが,高度な工学用途の機械的性質が欠けている.
- 既存の木材改造方法では,特に湿気条件では,密度と寸法が制限されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 自然木の機械性能と寸法安定性を高めるためのシンプルで効果的な戦略を開発する.
- 木材から高性能な構造材料を作り 従来の工学材料に匹敵するか,それを上回る.
- 異なる種で木材を改造するための普遍的に適用可能な方法を確立する.
主な方法:
- 水性NaOHとNa2SO3の混合物で沸騰することによって,リンニンと半セルロースの部分的除去を含む2段階のプロセス.
- 細胞壁の完全な崩壊と濃縮を誘導するために,その後の熱圧縮.
- 結果となる材料の機械的特性,寸法安定性,構造的整合性の特徴.
主要な成果:
- 天然木と比較して 10倍以上の強さ,頑丈さ,弾道抵抗性を達成しました.
- 特に湿気のある環境では 卓越した次元安定性を示した.
- 加工された木材は,ほとんどの構造金属や合金よりも高い強度を示しています.
- この方法は様々な木種で有効であることが証明されました.
結論:
- 開発されたプロセスは自然木を高性能で軽量な構造材料に変換します.
- この改造された木材は 伝統的な工学材料に代わる 低コストで持続可能な素材です
- この戦略は,高度なアプリケーションのための強化された機械的特性と次元安定性を提供します.
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