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The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

133.8K
Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
133.8K
Electrical Synapses01:28

Electrical Synapses

11.0K
Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
11.0K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

12.0K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
12.0K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

4.6K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
4.6K
Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

5.6K
A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
5.6K
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

33.9K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
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Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices

Published on: October 6, 2017

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ヒッポカンパスの波はシナプスを下調する

Hiroaki Norimoto1,2, Kenichi Makino1, Mengxuan Gao1

  • 1Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 14, 2018
PubMed
まとめ

睡眠の急激な波はシナプス抑制を誘発し 無関係な活動を減らし 記憶を磨く 睡眠中にこれらの波を遮断すると 記憶形成とシナプス重量調節が損なわれます

さらに関連する動画

Quantifying Synapses: an Immunocytochemistry-based Assay to Quantify Synapse Number
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Quantifying Synapses: an Immunocytochemistry-based Assay to Quantify Synapse Number

Published on: November 16, 2010

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Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy
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Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy

Published on: January 4, 2010

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
07:44

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices

Published on: October 6, 2017

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Quantifying Synapses: an Immunocytochemistry-based Assay to Quantify Synapse Number
18:11

Quantifying Synapses: an Immunocytochemistry-based Assay to Quantify Synapse Number

Published on: November 16, 2010

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Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy
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Presynaptically Silent Synapses Studied with Light Microscopy

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 睡眠科学
  • シナプスの可塑性

背景:

  • 睡眠がシナプス性可塑性や記憶強化を 制御する正確な役割は 完全に理解されていない.
  • 睡眠中のニューロンの活動,特に鋭い波の波紋は,シナプスの変化に影響を及ぼすと仮定されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 睡眠中のシナプス可塑性における ヒポキャンパスの鋭い波の波紋の因果関係を調査する.
  • 記憶の統合とシナプス重量調節に対する 鋭い波の波紋の影響を 調べるため

主な方法:

  • スローウェーブ睡眠状態のヒポキャンパスの鋭い波の波紋を記録し,操作するためにマウスモデルを使用しました.
  • 鋭い波の波紋を静止し,シナプスの可塑性や記憶への影響を評価する.
  • 観察されたシナプスダウンレギュレーションにおけるN-メチル-d-アスパルテート受容体の関与を調査した.

主要な成果:

  • ヒポキャンパスの鋭い波のリップは 長期にわたるシナプス抑制の内在的なトリガーとして特定されました
  • 睡眠中の鋭い波の波紋を抑制することで シナプスの負荷を自然に抑制することができました
  • 鋭い波の波紋の破壊は 学習と記憶の強化に 障害をもたらしました
  • シナプスのダウンレギュレーションは,N-メチル-d-アスパルテート受容体の活性化に依存し,特定の入力経路に特異的であった.

結論:

  • 鋭い波のリップは 睡眠中の無関係なニューロンの接続を弱めることで 記憶のエングラムを精製する上で 重要な役割を果たします
  • これらの発見は,シナプスの可塑性と記憶を調節する 鋭い波のリップルの新しい機能を明らかにしています
  • この結果は 睡眠がシナプスの強さを活性化して 記憶を最適化するという仮説を裏付けています