TGFβは,遺伝的に再構成された結腸癌の転移において免疫逃避を誘導する
Daniele V F Tauriello1,2, Sergio Palomo-Ponce1,2, Diana Stork1
1Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri i Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Nature
|February 15, 2018
まとめ
変異性大腸がん治療:PD-1だけでなく,TGFβを標的とした治療は,転移を防止し,進行した疾患における免疫療法の有効性を高めます.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 免疫学
- 癌 生物学
背景:
- 転移性大腸がん (CRC) は,一般的な変異ではなく,腫瘍の微小環境要因によって引き起こされる重大な死亡リスクをもたらします.
- CRCにおける主要な不良結果の予測要因は,T細胞浸透率の低さ,Tヘルパー1 (TH1) の活性低下,および変形成長因子β (TGFβ) のレベルの高さである.
研究 の 目的:
- 転移性大腸がんにおける遺伝子変異と腫瘍の微小環境の相互作用を調査する.
- 臨床前のCRCモデルにおけるTGFβシグナル伝達とPD-1/PD-L1免疫チェックポイントの標的化の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 腸の幹細胞における4つの主要なCRC変異のための条件付きアレルを持つ4倍変異マウスの生成.
- T細胞の浸透とTGFβ経路の活性化を含む腫瘍の特徴の分析
- PD- 1/ PD- L1阻害とTGFβ抑制に対する治療反応の評価
主要な成果:
- 四重変異したマウスは,T細胞排除とTGFβ活性化ストロマを特徴とする,ヒトのマイクロサテライト安定型CRCに似た転移性腫瘍を発症した.
- PD- 1/ PD- L1の阻害は限られた有効性を示し,TGFβの阻害は強力な細胞毒性T細胞応答を誘発し,転移を防止しました.
- 肝臓転移を確立したマウスの抗PD-1/PD- L1療法に対するTGFβシグナル伝達を阻害する.
結論:
- 腫瘍の微小環境におけるTGFβの増加は,CRCにおける免疫回避の重要なメカニズムであり,T細胞の排除を促進し,TH1エフェクター細胞の発達を阻害する.
- TGFβシグナル伝達をターゲットにすることは,免疫回避を克服し,進行性大腸がんにおける免疫療法の有効性を高めるための有望な治療戦略です.
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