短いG1相による内遺伝的起源は,腫瘍遺伝子の誘発によるDNA複製ストレスの根底にある
Morgane Macheret1, Thanos D Halazonetis1
1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
Nature
|February 22, 2018
まとめ
CCNE1やMYCのような腫瘍遺伝子は DNA複製のストレスを引き起こし,新しい遺伝子の起源を活性化します. これは複製フォークの崩壊と ゲノム不安定に繋がり 癌に繋がります
科学分野:
- 分子生物学
- 遺伝学
- 癌 生物学
背景:
- 腫瘍遺伝子の活性化が 癌の発症の主要な要因です
- ゲノム不安定性 つまりDNAの変異が 癌の特徴です
- 腫瘍遺伝子の誘発によるDNA複製のストレスを理解することは,がん研究にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 人体細胞の複製開始部位をマップする
- 腫瘍遺伝子のCCNE1とMYCが DNA複製をどのように制御するのかを調査する.
- 腫瘍遺伝子の誘発によるDNA複製ストレスとそのゲノム不安定との関連を解明する.
主な方法:
- 初期のS段階での新生DNA合成を監視するための敏感な測定法を開発した.
- 何千もの複製開始部位が 特定されました 腫瘍遺伝子の誘導前と後に
- 高度転写された遺伝子内の複製の起源とDNAの断裂との関連を分析した.
主要な成果:
- CCNE1とMYCの腫瘍遺伝子は,高度に転写された遺伝子の内部で新しい複製の起源を誘発した.
- 通常は転写によって抑制されるこれらの子宮外起源は,S段階の早期のエントリーにより発火します.
- これらの起源からの複製フォークは崩壊しやすくなり,DNAの二重鎖の断裂と染色体の再編成につながった.
結論:
- 早期のS段階の侵入と内遺伝的起源の発火は,腫瘍遺伝子の誘発によるDNA複製ストレスである.
- このメカニズムはヒトの癌で観察されるゲノム不安定に寄与する.
- 発見は癌の発達と 潜在的な治療目標の洞察を提供します.
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