レユニオンホットスポット源における異常なNd/Nd比によって保存されたハデウムシリケート分化
Bradley J Peters1, Richard W Carlson1, James M D Day2
1Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington DC 20015, USA.
Nature
|March 2, 2018
まとめ
4.39億年以上の 古代地球領域が リーニオン島の玄武岩で明らかにされています これらの火山岩は 初期の分化と混合の同位体証拠を示し 地球の深い内部への洞察を提供します
科学分野:
- 地化学
- 同位体地質学
- 惑星科学
背景:
- 活発な火山のホットスポットは 20億年以上前に形成された 地球の深い内部の領域にアクセスします
- トングステンのイソトープは 最初の5千万年の間での 地球の初期分化を示しています
- ネオジムイソトープは,初期の地球組成のイベントを追跡するために使用することが困難でした.
研究 の 目的:
- レユニオン島の岩石におけるネオジミウム同位体組成 (Nd/Nd) を調査する.
- この岩石が最初の5億年の 初期の地球の構成を 追跡しているかどうか
- 地球の内部における古代の異質性の形成と保存を理解する
主な方法:
- レユニオン島の火山岩におけるNd/Nd比の分析
- 142Nd/144Nd比とヘリウム同位体比 (3He/4He) の相関分析
主要な成果:
- レユニオン島の火山岩は,現代の上層マントルの領域よりも明らかに高いまたは低いNd比を示しています.
- Nd/144比は,He/He比と相関しており,初期のシリケート分化 (おそらく439億年前) の間に並行行動を示唆している.
- 観測された142Nd/144Nd比は,少なくとも1つのハデオン時代の溶融 (4.56~40億年前) の溶融と残留物の混合を示している.
結論:
- ラウニオン島のマグマは 他の火山の熱点とは異なる 古代の原始的な源に触れています
- 同位体シグネチャーは,効率的なポストハデアン混合が,異常な初期のNd/Ndシグネチャーをほぼ消去することを示唆しています.
- これらの発見は,地球の深い内部の古代の異質性の形成と保存に関する洞察を提供します.
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