エピジェネティック リプログラミングにより,原始的な生殖細胞からゴノサイトへの移行が可能になる
Peter W S Hill1,2, Harry G Leitch1,2, Cristina E Requena1,2
1MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
Nature
|March 8, 2018
まとめ
科学者はマウスの生殖系を再プログラムする 重要な表遺伝的メカニズムを発見しました この研究は,原始生殖細胞 (PGC) がゲモ細胞にどのように移行するかについて明らかにし,ゲモ細胞の生成とメオシスの決定的な役割を果たしています.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学
- エピジェネティクス
- 遺伝学
背景:
- ネズミの原始生殖細胞 (PGC) は,胚の6.25日ごろに特定され,発達中の性腺に移動する.
- PGCは,胚の10.5~11.5日頃,DNA脱メチル化を含む,重要な表遺伝的再プログラムを受けます.
- この生殖線再プログラムにおける分子的基礎はほとんど不明であり,ガメトゲネシスの in vitro 再構成を阻害している.
研究 の 目的:
- マウスにおけるPGCからゴノサイトへの移行の際の表皮遺伝的再プログラミングの基礎となる分子メカニズムを解明する.
- ゲノム全体のDNA脱メチル化と生殖細胞における遺伝子の活性化に関与する要因とプロセスを特定する.
- 体外での生殖系統の複製のための洞察を提供すること.
主な方法:
- プロモーター配列,DNAメチル化,ポリコンブ (PRC1) 複合体の分析を組み合わせた統合的アプローチを用いた.
- TET1の役割,DNA脱メチル化依存およびDNA脱メチル化依存の機能を調査した.
- ゲノム再プログラム反応性遺伝子の活性化パターンを調べました
主要な成果:
- 主要な生殖系遺伝子の活性化において,プロモーター特性,DNA (脱メチル化),PRC1およびTET1の相互作用が示された.
- TET1はDNA脱メチル化を維持する役割を果たしますが,性腺PGCではそれを開始しません.
- ゲメト生成とメオシスの活性化に不可欠な遺伝子を特定した.
結論:
- この研究は,性器の生殖細胞を再プログラムするための 基本的な生物学的な役割を明らかにしている.
- PGCからゴノサイトへの移行を制御する主要な表遺伝子原理を特定した.
- この発見は,完全なゲメトゲネシスを in vitro で再現するための将来の取り組みの指針となる.
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