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高血糖症は腸壁機能不全と腸内感染症のリスクを誘発する
Christoph A Thaiss1, Maayan Levy1, Inna Grosheva2
1Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 10, 2018
まとめ
肥満や糖尿病の血糖値が高くなると 腸内壁が損傷し 微生物が体内に侵入します 血糖をコントロールすることで 腸の健康を回復できます
科学分野:
- メタボリック障害
- 胃腸内科
- 免疫学
背景:
- 肥満や糖尿病は 感染症や炎症への 感受性を高めます
- 代謝機能障害と粘膜免疫の低下を結びつけるメカニズムは完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 肥満と糖尿病における高血糖症が腸内障壁機能と全身性炎症にどのように影響するか調査する.
- 腸壁の整合性を回復する 分子標的を特定する
主な方法:
- 肥満と糖尿病のマウスモデルを利用しました
- 腸内皮質細胞におけるグルコーストランスポーター2 (GLUT2) の役割を調べた.
- 腸壁の浸透性,緊密な結合の整合性,および全身の微生物の転移を評価した.
- ヒトにおける血糖制御 (血球A1c) と相関する微生物産物流入.
主要な成果:
- GLUT2によって媒介される高血糖症は,腸内皮質細胞と緊密な結節を破壊し,バリアの透過性を増加させます.
- この障壁の破壊は 微生物産物の全身的流入を容易にし 腸内感染症を悪化させる.
- 高血糖,GLUT2,またはグルコース代謝を標的とした治療は,バリア機能とバクテリアの抑制を回復させる.
- 人間では,全身微生物産物濃度が血糖コントロールと相関する.
結論:
- 肥満や糖尿病における腸内障壁機能障害の主な要因である.
- 血糖のコントロールを回復したり,グルコースの代謝を抑制したりすると,腸の障壁が修復され,感染のリスクが軽減されます.
- これらの発見は,メカニズム的に代謝の健康と腸壁の整合性と全身免疫を関連付けています.
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