上層マントルのオリビンのレドックス作用による地震特性

C J Cline Ii¹, U H Faul², E C David¹

¹Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

Nature

|March 16, 2018

まとめ

地震波の速度と薄弱化は驚くほど水分に敏感ではありませんレドックス条件と欠陥化学は水ではなく地震特性に大きく影響し,以前の仮定に挑戦しています.

科学分野:

地理学
鉱物物理学
地震学

背景:

地震波速度の横向的な変動と地球の上層マントルの衰弱は,温度,組成,融解,水分量に関する情報を明らかにすることができます.
地震波の伝播に影響を与えるマイクロメカニカルプロセスの理解は,地質学的データを解釈するために不可欠です.
構造的に結合した水 (ヒドロキシル) が地震特性に及ぼす影響は仮説化されているが,実験的に定量化されていない.

研究の目的:

オリビンの地震特性に対する水分の影響を実験的に定量化する.
上層マントルの地震波の伝播に対する酸化還元条件と欠陥化学の影響を調査する.
低速度ゾーンや石層とアステノスフィアの境界などの観測された地震構造を説明する水の役割を再評価する.

主な方法:

オリビンのサンプルで低周波強制振動実験を行った.
地球の内部の不飽和状態における体系的に変化する水分量
制御され,様々なリドックス条件で,異なる金属マニュアルを使用します.

主要な成果:

地震波の速度と衰弱は,水分量の変動に対して顕著な無感性を示した.
レドックス条件は,金属のスリーブによって決定され,その結果,欠陥化学が地震特性に大きく影響しました.
石層-アステノスフィアの境界で水による穀物境界の滑り方を支持する証拠は見つかりませんでした.

結論:

上層マントルの低速度または高衰弱構造の主な原因である可能性は低い.
水分と酸化した上層マントルの領域での高い衰弱は,水のそれ自体よりも酸素の流動性に関連している可能性があります.
この研究は,石層とアステノスフィアの境界を明確に説明する上で水の役割に異議を唱え,他の要因がより支配的であることを示唆しています.

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