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肥満における肝細胞が分泌するDPP4は脂肪の炎症とインスリン抵抗性を促進する
Devram S Ghorpade1, Lale Ozcan1, Ze Zheng1
1Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Nature
|March 22, 2018
まとめ
肥満は肝細胞のディペプチジルペプチダゼ4 (DPP4) の分泌を促進し,XA因子と共に内臓脂肪組織マクロファージ (ATM) を炎上させ,インスリン抵抗性を引き起こします. この経路をターゲットにすることで,経口 DPP4 阻害剤を超える明確な代謝効果が得られます.
科学分野:
- 代謝疾患
- 肥満に関する研究
- 脂肪組織生物学
背景:
- 肥満に起因する代謝疾患は,特に肝臓と内臓脂肪組織 (VAT) の間の複雑な器官の交響を伴う.
- 脂肪組織マクロファージ (ATM) によって引き起こされるVATの炎症は,肥満におけるインスリン抵抗性と相関しています.
- 病的な脂肪組織炎症を促進するメカニズムを理解することは極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 肥満に起因する代謝機能障害における肝臓とVATの交響を調査する.
- 肝細胞機能とATMの炎症とインスリン抵抗性を結びつける分子媒介者を特定する.
主な方法:
- 肥満マウスにおけるディペプチジルペプチダゼ4 (DPP4) の肝細胞合成と分泌を研究した.
- ATMの活性化とVATの炎症におけるDPP4と血因子Xaの役割を調べた.
- 肝細胞におけるDPP4とATMにおけるカベオリン-1/PAR2の遺伝子静止法を使用した.
- VATの炎症とインスリン感受性に対するこれらの介入の影響を評価した.
- 肝細胞DPP4静止と経口DPP4抑制 (シタグリプチン) の効果を比較した.
主要な成果:
- 肥満は肝細胞を刺激して DPP4 を分泌し,その分泌はXA因子と共に ATMの炎症を促します.
- 肥満マウスのVAT炎症とインスリン抵抗性を改善する.
- 炎症とインスリン抵抗性も抑制する.
- 口服によるDPP4阻害 (シタグリプチン) は同様の代謝効果をもたらさなかった.
結論:
- 肝細胞由来DPP4は,肥満中のVAT炎症とインスリン抵抗性の促進に重要な役割を果たします.
- 肝細胞のDPP4-ATM経路をターゲットにすることで,代謝疾患に対する新しい治療戦略が提供されます.
- この経路の調節は,全身的なDPP4抑制と比較して明確な代謝上の利点を示しています.
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