樹木の機能的組成の変化は,森林のバイオマスの気候への反応を強める
Tao Zhang1, Ülo Niinemets2, Justin Sheffield3,4
1Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Nature
|March 22, 2018
まとめ
森林のバイオマスは水不足に反応し,樹種の組成の変化は,この効果を拡大します. これは気候変動が 森林の炭素貯蔵と生態系サービスに 世界的にどのように影響を与えているかを示しています
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 気候科学
- 林業
背景:
- 森林は生物多様性と炭素の貯蔵を担う 重要な地球規模の生態系です
- 森林の生態系サービスは 気候変動や変動に脆弱です
- 以前の研究では 干ばつによる木の死亡率への影響が示されましたが 森林のバイオマス,種の構成,気候の変動の間の大規模な関係については まだ定量化されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 森林のバイオマス,樹種の構成,米国東部における気候の変動性の関係を定量化する.
- 地域平均の干ばつ耐性の変化が,森林の水不足への対応にどのように影響するか調査する.
主な方法:
- 1980年代から2000年代までの米国東部における 系統的な森林調査データを活用した.
- 水不足の10年規模の変化とその森林バイオマスへの影響を分析した.
- 樹種組成とコミュニティ平均の干ばつ耐性の同時変化を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 森林のバイオマスは,水不足の10年規模の変化に明確な反応を示した.
- 森林の生物量に対する水質ストレスの影響は,樹種の干ばつ耐性における同時に起こる変化によって増幅された.
- 干ばつに耐えやすく 成長が遅い種へと 組成が変化しました
結論:
- 森林の種組成と生物質の炭素貯蔵の同時変化が示されている.
- 気候変動による世界の森林生態系の変化の可能性を強調した.
- 森林のバイオマスと炭素貯蔵に対する直接的な気候効果と,種の組成の変化による間接的な影響の二重性を強調した.
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