進化的結合分析により解明されたペプチドグリカンポリメラーゼの構造
Megan Sjodt1, Kelly Brock2, Genevieve Dobihal3
1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|March 29, 2018
まとめ
研究者らは,細菌の細胞壁合成における重要な酵素である RodA タンパク質の結晶構造を決定した. この構造は,Rodaに不可欠な重要な穴を明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 構造生物学
- 微生物学
- 生物化学
背景:
- 形状,延伸,分裂,および胞子化 (SEDS) タンパク質は,細菌の細胞壁生物学に関与する重要なトランスメブラン酵素である.
- 最近の研究では,プロトタイプのSEDSタンパク質であるRodaがペプチドグリカンポリメラーゼであると特定され,ペニシリン結合タンパク質への以前の帰属に異議を唱えた.
- RodAを含むSEDSタンパク質は,新しい抗生物質の潜在的標的として浮上していますが,その分子機構は依然としてほとんど解明されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- テルムス・サーモフィルス RodAタンパク質の高解像度結晶構造を決定する.
- SEDSタンパク質の機能の分子基盤を調査し,触媒的に重要な領域を特定する.
- 細菌の細胞壁合成を理解し,新しい治療戦略を開発するための構造的枠組みを提供すること.
主な方法:
- 分子置換のための進化的共変性ベースの折り畳み予測を使用して,2.9 Åの解像度でThermus thermophilus RodAの結晶構造の決定.
- RodA構造内のトランスメブランの折りたたみ,細胞外ループ,保存された空洞の分析.
- 特定された穴の機能的重要性を評価するために,バチルス・サブティリスとエシェリキア・コライにおけるin vitroおよびin vivo変異実験.
主要な成果:
- 結晶構造は,重要な細胞外ループ構造を持つ10パストランスメブランの折りたたみを示しています.
- 超膜受容体内のリガンド結合部位に構造的に類似した,高度に保存された空洞が特定されました.
- この保存された空洞の変異は,インビトロ酵素測定とインビボ細胞試験の両方でRodA機能を廃止しました.
結論:
- RodAの決定された構造は,SEDSタンパク質ファミリーに前例のない分子洞察を提供します.
- 特定されたトランスメブラン腔は,Rodaのペプチドグリカンポリメラーゼ活性と細菌の細胞壁合成に不可欠である.
- これらの発見は,細菌の細胞封筒生殖を理解するための構造的基礎を提供し,SEDSタンパク質を標的とした新しい抗生物質の開発を導く.
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