マシン・ラーニングは,腫瘍的分化に関連するステムネス特性を特定する
Tathiane M Malta1, Artem Sokolov2, Andrew J Gentles3
1Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP 14049, Brazil.
Cell
|April 7, 2018
まとめ
この研究は,機械学習を用いた癌の分化測定のための新しい幹度指標を導入しています. これらの指標は,がんの幹,腫瘍の微小環境,および転移の間の関連性を明らかにし,腫瘍の差別化のための新しい治療目標を提供します.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- ゲノミクス
- バイオ情報学
背景:
- 癌の進行は分化と幹細胞のような特性の獲得によって特徴付けられます.
- がんの進行を把握するには,腫瘍性分化度の評価が不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 腫瘍性分化を定量化するための新しい幹度指数を開発する.
- 癌の根性に関連した新しい生物学的メカニズムと治療目標の特定
主な方法:
- 一級ロジスティック回帰 (OCLR) 機械学習アルゴリズムを使用した.
- 幹細胞と分化細胞からトランスクリプトミックの特性を抽出する.
- 腫瘍の微小環境,転移性腫瘍,単細胞データを分析するために,幹度指数を適用した.
主要な成果:
- 脱差した腫瘍性状態の基礎となる新しい生物学的メカニズムを特定した.
- 免疫チェックポイントの発現と 免疫細胞の浸透の間の 相関関係を見つけました
- 脱差型が転移性腫瘍でより顕著であることが観察されました.
- 単細胞データ分析により,腫瘍内分子異質性が明らかになった.
結論:
- 新規の幹度指数は,腫瘍性の分化を定量的に測定します.
- がん幹は腫瘍の免疫微環境と転移の可能性と関連しています.
- 開発された指標は,腫瘍の分化を標的とした新しい治療戦略を特定することができます.
関連する概念動画
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells
4.5K
A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
4.5K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
28.1K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
28.1K
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
11.5K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
11.5K
Machines
581
Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. One example of a machine is the cutting plier, which is used to cut wires by applying forces to its handles. When equal and opposite forces are exerted on the handles of the cutting plier, they cause the cutting edges to come together and apply equal and opposite reaction forces on the wire, which are greater than the applied forces.
A free-body diagram of the...
A free-body diagram of the...
581
Machines: Problem Solving II
677
Machines are complex structures consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that work together to transmit forces. Consider a lifting tong carrying a 100 kg load. It comprises movable sections DAF and CBG linked together with member AB.
677
Machines: Problem Solving I
722
A toggle clamp is a mechanical device commonly used for holding and clamping objects in various applications, such as woodworking, metalworking, and assembly operations. Consider a toggle clamp subjected to a force of 200 N at the handle. The vertical clamping force can be calculated, provided the dimensions of the toggle clamp are known.
The toggle clamp system is a machine structure consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that form a stabilized system to transmit forces. The...
The toggle clamp system is a machine structure consisting of movable, pin-connected multi-force members that form a stabilized system to transmit forces. The...
722


