ヒト免疫不全ウイルス感染の代替方法はあるのか? レビュー (A review) とは,見直しをすること
1AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta.
JAMA
|March 4, 1988
まとめ
ヒト免疫不全ウイルス (HIV) は,主に胎内経由,性接触,または感染した血液によって感染します. 証拠は,HIVは,偶然の接触,唾液,涙,または尿によって感染しないことを示し,不必要な恐怖を軽減します.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学 ウイルス学 ウイルス学
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- ヒト免疫不全ウイルス (HIV) の感染経路には,生前,性,および血液への曝露が含まれます.
- HIV感染における母乳の役割は,現在評価中です.
- 唾液,涙,尿などの体液からHIVがまれに分離されるという懸念がある.
研究 の 目的:
- HIV感染経路に関する証拠を統合する.
- HIV感染と関連していない伝播方法を明らかにする.
- 公衆の理解を深め,HIV感染をめぐる恐怖を軽減する.
主な方法:
- HIV感染に関する疫学データのレビュー.
- 様々な体液におけるHIVに関する検査結果の分析.
- 偶然の接触とHIV感染に関する研究の評価.
主要な成果:
- 唾液,涙,または尿経由でのHIV感染を支える流行病学的証拠はありません.
- HIVは,免疫グローブリン製剤,B型肝炎ワクチン,または昆虫の噛みによって感染しません.
- 十分な証拠は,HIVが偶然の接触によって伝染しないことを示しています.
結論:
- HIV感染の伝播を理解することは,リスクの軽減に不可欠です.
- リスクの高い行動と気まぐれな接触を区別することが不可欠です.
- 公衆の啓発キャンペーンは,不必要な恐怖を和らげ,適切な行動を導くために正確な情報に焦点を当てなければなりません.
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