アルコール摂取のリスクスリーブ: 83件の前向きな研究における現在飲酒している599 912人の個人参加者のデータを組み合わせた分析
Angela M Wood1, Stephen Kaptoge1, Adam S Butterworth1
1Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 21, 2018
まとめ
あらゆる原因による死亡率と 心血管疾患の最も低いリスクは 週100グラム以下のアルコール摂取量と関連しています アルコール摂取量が増えると 平均寿命が短縮され 脳卒中や心不全のリスクも増加します
科学分野:
- 心臓病科
- 流行病学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 国内でのアルコール摂取に関するガイドラインは大きく異なります.
- 最適な低リスクのアルコール摂取値の定義は公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です.
- 過去の研究では,死亡率と心血管疾患 (CVD) のリスクを最小限に抑えるためのアルコール制限値が決定的に確立されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- あらゆる原因による死亡率とCVDの最も低いリスクに関連したアルコール消費の値を決定する.
- 大規模なコホートにおけるアルコール摂取と健康上の結果の投与量反応関係を分析する.
- 最新の国内・国際アルコール消費ガイドラインを参考にする.
主な方法:
- 83件の前向きな研究 (599,912人の現在の飲酒者) の個人参加者データ分析.
- 週ごとのアルコールの摂取量 (グラム/週) と死亡率/心血管疾患の関連性
- 喫煙,糖尿病,年齢,性別に調整され,長期のアルコール摂取の変動を修正した.
主要な成果:
- 毎週100グラム以下で観察された全因死亡リスク
- 増加したアルコール摂取は,線形的に脳卒中,冠動脈疾患 (心筋梗塞を除く),心不全,高血圧疾患,および大動脈動脈瘤のリスクを高めています.
- アルコールの摂取量 (> 100g/週) は寿命の短縮と関連しており,より高い摂取量では寿命の短縮がより顕著であった.
結論:
- すべての原因による死亡リスクの最低値は,現在飲酒している人に対して約100g/週です.
- CVDサブタイプ (心筋梗塞を除く) に対して,アルコール摂取量を減らすとリスクが低下する明確なリスク値はありません.
- 現状の調査結果は,既存の国内ガイドラインの多くより低いアルコール摂取制限値を支持しています.
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