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地震による地殻の変形
Bjørn Jamtveit1, Yehuda Ben-Zion2, François Renard3,4
1Physics of Geological Processes (PGP), The Njord Centre, Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. bjorn.jamtveit@geo.uio.no.
Nature
|April 27, 2018
まとめ
地殻の下部の地震は 流体浸透を引き起こし 構造と変形を大きく変えます この地震活動は 地殻の地力学全体に 上から下まで影響を及ぼします
科学分野:
- 地質学
- 構造学
- ペトロロジー
背景:
- 下層地殻の構造的および変異的進化は,堆積盆地,山根,高地形地域に影響を及ぼします.
- オーロゲニスの前は,下層は通常乾燥し,浸透性があり,機械的に頑丈である.
- オーロゲニーでは,シアゾーンに沿って流体浸透が下層地殻の進化を制御します.
研究 の 目的:
- 下層地殻の地震とその余震が,流体浸透およびその後の変形/構造変化を誘発する役割を調査する.
- 地殻の地力学に起因する地震の"上から下への影響"を理解する.
主な方法:
- ノルウェー西部のベルゲン・アークにおける地殻下部の地震による断層として発生するシェアゾーンの分析.
- 下層地殻における地震の滑り,ストレスパルス,余震発生の関係を調査する.
- 震災後の流体による変形と構造の変化を調べる.
主要な成果:
- 地殻下部の地震は ストレスパルスを発生させ 大規模な余震を引き起こします
- 流体浸透はこれらの余震によって引き起こされ,下層の地殻に重大な変異と構造的変化をもたらします.
- この研究は,地殻の地力学に"上から下に"作用し,短期的な地震プロセスを長期的地質進化と結びつけています.
結論:
- 低地殻の地震活動は 流体輸送と地殻の変容の重要なメカニズムです
- 地震による余震は 下層地殻の機械的性質と構造を 変化させる上で 重要な役割を果たします
- この研究は,地震からオロゲンサイクルまで,非常に異なる時間スケールでプロセスを接続します.
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