視線上の脅威に対する反応を決定するタラミック回路
Lindsey D Salay1, Nao Ishiko1, Andrew D Huberman2,3,4,5
1Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Nature
|May 4, 2018
まとめ
脳の異なる領域に視覚情報を指示することで 脅威反応を制御します これはマウスが凍結するか 脅威に直面するかに影響し 適応的な意思決定に影響します
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 行動神経科学
- 意思決定
背景:
- 適応行動のガイドとなる 視覚的脅威認識との 内部状態の統合は不明である.
- マウスは視覚的な脅威に反応して 凍結したり 避難所を探すなど 独特の行動戦略を示します
研究 の 目的:
- 内部状態と視覚的脅威の認識の統合を基盤とする神経回路を特定する.
- 脅威に対する行動反応の制御における腹中線タラマス (vMT) の役割を解明する.
主な方法:
- マウスの状核 (Xi) と再結合核 (Re) を含む特定のvMT核の機能を調査した.
- 神経経路とその行動的出力を分析するためにプロジェクション特有の経路の追跡とアクティベーションを使用しました.
主要な成果:
- 核は桃体底部に広がり,凍結を促します.
- Re核は前頭前皮質 (Re→mPFC) に発射され,尻尾の鳴き声のような対決反応を誘導する.
- Re→mPFC経路の活性化により 自律的興奮が促進され,報酬が与えられます.
結論:
- vMTは 重要なハブとして機能し 内部状態を 認識される脅威に対する 対立する行動反応に 偏らせます
- これらの発見は 恐怖症やPTSDのような 興奮と意思決定の障害による 障害についての洞察を与えてくれます
関連する概念動画
Determining Order of Reaction
62.5K
Rate laws describe the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentration of its reactants. In a rate law, the rate constant k and the reaction orders are determined experimentally by observing how the rate of reaction changes as the concentrations of the reactants are changed. A common experimental approach to the determination of rate laws is the method of initial rates. This method involves measuring reaction rates for multiple experimental trials carried out using...
62.5K
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
42.5K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
42.5K
Threats to Biodiversity
27.2K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
27.2K
Reaction Mechanisms
31.0K
Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion, involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs.
For instance, the decomposition of ozone appears to follow a mechanism with two steps:
For instance, the decomposition of ozone appears to follow a mechanism with two steps:
31.0K
Second-Order Circuits
3.6K
Integrating two fundamental energy storage elements in electrical circuits results in second-order circuits, encompassing RLC circuits and circuits with dual capacitors or inductors (RC and RL circuits). Second-order circuits are identified by second-order differential equations that link input and output signals.
Input signals typically originate from voltage or current sources, with the output often representing voltage across the capacitor and/or current through the inductor. For example, in...
Input signals typically originate from voltage or current sources, with the output often representing voltage across the capacitor and/or current through the inductor. For example, in...
3.6K
Reaction Quotient
53.4K
The status of a reversible reaction is conveniently assessed by evaluating its reaction quotient (Q). For a reversible reaction described by m A + n B ⇌ x C + y D, the reaction quotient is derived directly from the stoichiometry of the balanced equation as
53.4K


