コルチコアミグダラ 社会的情報伝達 ゲート 観察学習
Stephen A Allsop1, Romy Wichmann1, Fergil Mills1
1The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Cell
|May 8, 2018
まとめ
ネズミは他の動物を観察することで 脅威を認識します この過程には前帯状皮質 (ACC) と桃体 (BLA) が関与します ACCからBLAへの経路は この観察恐怖条件付けの獲得に不可欠です
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 行動科学
- 学習 と 記憶
背景:
- 観察学習により 直接的な処罰なしに 脅威を回避する戦略を身につけることができます
- 前帯状皮質 (ACC) と基礎側桃体 (BLA) は社会的恐怖の学習に関与している.
- ACC-BLA回路内の情報フローを理解することは,観察恐怖を説明する鍵です.
研究 の 目的:
- 観察による恐怖の条件付けで 情報の暗号化と伝達の 神経機構を調査する.
- BLA (ACC→BLA) へのACC予測が社会的な脅威の学習における役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- 電気生理学的記録は,恐怖条件付けを受けたデモンストレーターマウスを観察するマウスで行われました.
- ACC→BLA投影の選択的阻害は,その因果的役割を評価するために使用されました.
- アミグダラの神経表現は,観察条件付けで監視された.
主要な成果:
- ACC→BLAニューロンは,社会的に派生した嫌悪感に関する情報を優先的にコードします.
- ACC→BLAの阻害は,観察中にアミグダラの嫌悪感の表象を変化させた.
- ACC→BLAの選択的抑制は,観察的な恐怖の獲得を妨げましたが,表現はしませんでした.
結論:
- キューの嫌悪値に関する情報は,観察学習によってACCからBLAに伝達される.
- ACC→BLA経路は,観察を通して恐怖を習得するために非常に有益です.
- この研究は 社会的脅威を学ぶための 神経回路を明らかにしています
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
01:12Observational Learning
1.0K
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
1.0K
00:52Social Proof
32.4K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
32.4K
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
56.1K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
56.1K
02:10Social Scripts
10.3K
People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
10.3K
01:41Social Traps
26.9K
Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
26.9K
01:04Social Facilitation
36.6K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
36.6K