ナトリウムイオンのインターフェイス輸送に対する水分化数の影響
Jinbo Peng1,2, Duanyun Cao1, Zhili He3
1International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Nature
|May 16, 2018
まとめ
3つの水分子のナトリウムイオン (Na+) は,表面での拡散が著しく速い. この流動性の向上は,イオン輸送の理解に不可欠な,集団的な水分子の回転を可能にする独特のメタステーブル状態によるものです.
科学分野:
- 表面科学
- 物理化学
- ナノテクノロジー
背景:
- インターフェースでのイオン水分化と輸送は,様々な自然および応用分野において極めて重要です.
- 界面効果は狭いナノスケールの幾何学でより顕著になり,イオン輸送メカニズムが変化します.
研究 の 目的:
- 水素イオンの原子構造と表面での輸送特性を相関させる.
- イオン,水,そして表面のダイナミクスを支配する分子レベルの相互作用を調査する.
主な方法:
- 水分子をつなげることで,個別のナトリウムイオン (Na+) 水素をNaCl ((001)) 表面に構築する.
- スキャントンネル顕微鏡と非接触原子力顕微鏡を組み合わせた
- アブ・イニシオ計算と古典的な分子動力学のシミュレーションを行いました.
主要な成果:
- ナトリウムイオン (Na+) 水酸化物は,ちょうど3つの水分子が他の水酸化物よりも数桁高い拡散率を示した.
- Ab initio計算では,低エネルギーバリアを持つ3つの水分子の集団回転を容易にするメタステーブル状態が特定されました.
- 分子ダイナミクスのシミュレーションで この現象は 室温でも関連性があることが確認されました
結論:
- 異常に高いイオン拡散率は,特定の水分化数と,イオン水素と表面格子間の対称性マッチと関連しています.
- この発見は,特に閉じ込められたシステムにおけるインターフェースにおけるイオン輸送メカニズムに関する分子レベルの洞察を提供します.
さらに関連する動画
09:43Interfacial Molecular-level Structures of Polymers and Biomacromolecules Revealed via Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy
Published on: August 13, 2019
9.9K
10:03Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
Published on: November 11, 2013
26.1K
関連する概念動画
01:17Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport
1.3K
Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct...
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct...
1.3K
02:42Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration
18.0K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
18.0K
02:54Ions as Acids and Bases
26.6K
Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
26.6K
01:55Secondary Active Transport
138.1K
One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme “pump” embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
138.1K
01:47Primary Active Transport
200.7K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
200.7K
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
26.2K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
26.2K