植物 は ウイルス 性 の 遺伝子 を 沈黙 さ せる ため,細胞 外 の 膀 に 含ま れ て いる 小さな RNA を 菌 の 病原体 に 送る
Qiang Cai1, Lulu Qiao1,2, Ming Wang1
1Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 19, 2018
まとめ
植物は小さなRNA分子を使って 菌類の感染と戦うのです アラビドプシス・タリアナは これらの小さなRNAs (sRNAs) を含んだ膀を放出し 菌類の遺伝子を無効化し 植物に新しい防御メカニズムを示しています
科学分野:
- 植物病原体との相互作用
- 分子生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 病原体は宿主の免疫を抑制するために小さなRNA (sRNA) を放出します.
- 宿主生物はsRNAを病原体に移し,毒性を抑制する.
- 宿主から病原体へのsRNA転送のメカニズムはほとんど不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- 宿主植物から真菌病原体への sRNA 移転のメカニズムを調査する.
- 植物免疫における細胞外膀の役割を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- アラビドプシスによって分泌されるエクソソームのような細胞外小胞の特徴.
- これらの膀内のsRNA含有量の分析
- ボトリティス・シネレアによる水泡吸収を追跡する.
- 遺伝子サイレンスアッセイは 菌類の病原体で
主要な成果:
- アラビドプシスは,sRNAを含むエクソソームのような細胞外膀を分泌する.
- これらの膀は感染部位に蓄積され,Botrytis cinereaによって内蔵されます.
- アラビドプシスの sRNA が移植され,重要な菌の病原性遺伝子を静止させます.
- これはクロス・キングダム RNA 干渉の新しいメカニズムを表しています
結論:
- アラビドプシスは,真菌感染と闘うために,sRNAのエクソソーム媒介配送を使用します.
- このプロセスは植物免疫反応の 重要な要素として機能します
- この発見は 宿主-病原体の 進化的軍拡競争における 進化した戦略を明らかにしています
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