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Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids02:26

Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids

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Particles in a solid are tightly packed together (fixed shape) and often arranged in a regular pattern; in a liquid, they are close together with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape); in a gas, they are far apart with no regular arrangement (no fixed shape). Particles in a solid vibrate about fixed positions (cannot flow) and do not generally move in relation to one another; in a liquid, they move past each other (can flow) but remain in essentially constant contact; in a gas, they move...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
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ハイブリッド分子コロイド液晶

Haridas Mundoor1, Sungoh Park1, Bohdan Senyuk1

  • 1Department of Physics and Soft Materials Research Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 19, 2018
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まとめ

研究者らは,無機のコロイド棒と分子液晶を組み合わせて,新しいオーソロンビックネマティック液体を作りました. このハイブリッド素材は 独特の特性を持ち 外部フィールドで制御できます

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科学分野:

  • 柔らかい物質の物理
  • 材料科学
  • コロイド科学

背景:

  • 秩序と流動性は 生物の膜や液晶のようなシステムで共存しています
  • 柔らかい物質のシステムは 構成要素よりも高い対称性を表します
  • ネマティック液晶は棒状の分子の方向順に特徴付けられています.

研究 の 目的:

  • コロイドと分子棒から成るハイブリッド流体の自己組み立てと相性を調査する.
  • 異性粒子の混合物における新しい秩序化された相の形成を調査する.
  • 流体系の棒のような構成要素の 相互作用を理解する

主な方法:

  • ネマティックな液体結晶液中のマイクロメートルの長さの無機コロイド棒の分散.
  • 段階形成と構造的特徴の実験的観測
  • 観察された相図と方向分布を説明するための粗粒型モデルの開発.

主要な成果:

  • 相互作用する単軸コロイドと分子棒からオーソロンビックネマティック液体の形成.
  • 実験温度-濃度相図で1つの二軸および2つの単軸ネマティック相の識別.
  • ハイブリッド液体は双軸光学結晶の性質を示し,電気と磁場によって切り替えることができる.

結論:

  • ハイブリッド分子コロイド液体は,その構成要素とは異なる対称性を持つユニークな秩序化された相を示すことができる.
  • 開発された粗粒型モデルは,相行動と方向順序を正確に予測します.
  • これらの調節可能なハイブリッド材料は,光学および応答性材料の応用の可能性を持っています.