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関連する概念動画

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

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Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
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Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

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Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or...
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Microtubule Formation01:23

Microtubule Formation

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation...
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Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

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Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

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Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures
01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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都市部でのオンデマンド移動における最低車両数の問題への対処

M M Vazifeh1, P Santi2,3, G Resta3

  • 1Senseable City Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mmvazifeh@gmail.com.

Nature
|May 26, 2018
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,都市部の車両群を最適化するためのネットワークソリューションを導入し,ユーザーの行動を変えることなく,オンデマンドの移動サービスのために車両群のサイズを30%削減します.

さらに関連する動画

Spindle assembly: Dynein, Kinesin and Microtubules
02:50

Spindle assembly: Dynein, Kinesin and Microtubules

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Centrioles and Centrosomes
01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures
01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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Spindle assembly: Dynein, Kinesin and Microtubules
02:50

Spindle assembly: Dynein, Kinesin and Microtubules

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Centrioles and Centrosomes
01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

5.4K

科学分野:

  • 運用研究
  • 都市移動
  • ネットワーク科学

背景:

  • 情報通信技術は新しい都市移動ソリューションを可能にしますが,車隊のサイズは依然として課題です.
  • 既存のソリューションはしばしばスケーラブルでないか,ユーザー行動の変化を必要とする.
  • "最小フリート問題"は,乗客の遅延なしに需要を満たす最小のフリートを求めるものです.

研究 の 目的:

  • 都市部でのオンデマンド移動における最小乗用車の問題を解決するために,スケーラブルで効率的なソリューションを開発する.
  • 遅延なしに特定の旅を行うために必要な最小の車両数を決定する.
  • 艦隊の運用にリアルタイムで実装可能な方法を提供すること.

主な方法:

  • "車両共有ネットワーク"という概念を導入した.
  • 最適で計算効率の良いソリューションと,ほぼ最適でリアルタイムで実装可能なソリューションを開発しました.
  • ニューヨークのタクシーに乗った 1億5千万人のデータで 解決法をテストしました

主要な成果:

  • 提案された方法は,現在のタクシー運行と比較して,車隊のサイズを30%減らすことができます.
  • 需要の幅の広い範囲で 艦隊の縮小は強固である.
  • この解決には 乗車シェアや 規制の変更や ユーザーの態度が 必要ありません

結論:

  • ネットワークベースのアプローチは,最小の車両数の問題に効率的な解決策を提供します.
  • リアルタイムでこの方法を導入すれば 都市部での移動手段を大幅に最適化できます
  • この発見は現在のタクシーサービスや 未来の自動運転車両に 影響を及ぼします