肉食動物による自然選択が,アノール・ワニのリスク行動に及ぼす影響
Oriol Lapiedra1, Thomas W Schoener2, Manuel Leal3
1Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. olapiedragonzalez@fas.harvard.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 2, 2018
まとめ
行動が進化に大きく影響します 捕食者がいる環境では,トカゲは地面との接触を避け, 捕食者がいない地域では,探索的な行動が好まれ,
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 行動エコロジー
- 動物 の 行動
背景:
- 進化的適応における行動の役割は議論されているが,自然環境からの実験的証拠は限られている.
- 個々のアノリス・サグレイは リスクを取る行動に一貫した変化を示します
研究 の 目的:
- 自然選択が野生の行動に与える影響を 実験的に調べる
- 捕食者の存在が の行動や形質に 選択圧力を及ぼすかを 決定する.
主な方法:
- アノリス・サグレイの実験群を 捕食動物であるライオセファルス・カリーナタス (Leiocephalus carinatus) を含む8つの島で 確立した.
- 異なる捕食者治療で行動的および形態学的特徴をモニタリングし,分析した.
主要な成果:
- 肉食動物 (Leiocephalus carinatus) の存在は,予想通り,アノリス・サグレイの地面回避行動に好意的だった.
- 捕食者がいないため 探索行動が選択されました
- 捕食者の島では 行動による選択が形態学による選択より強力で 捕食者の島では 逆の選択が観察された.
結論:
- 自然選択は 捕食者の導入など 環境の変化に対応して 行動特性を効果的に形作ることができます
- 行動的適応は 異なる生態環境への適応において 重要な役割を果たします
- この研究は,自然集団における進化的適応の原動力としての行動の実験的証拠を提供します.
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