新生児における酸素飽和目標と極度の早産児における死亡または障害の関連性 新生児における酸素飽和目標と極度の早産児における死亡または障害の関連性 新生児における酸素飽和目標との関連性
Lisa M Askie1, Brian A Darlow2, Neil Finer3
1National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
JAMA
|June 7, 2018
まとめ
極めて早産の乳児では,より低い酸素飽和度 (85% - 89%) を標的にすると,死亡または重度の障害に対するより高いレベル (91% - 95%) との有意な差異はなかった. しかし,目標値の低い範囲では,死亡と死滅性腸炎のリスクが増加しました.
科学分野:
- 新生児のケア
- 小児重症治療
- 呼吸器薬
背景:
- 酸素補給は 極めて早産児にとって 極めて重要ですが 最適な酸素飽和度については 議論が続いています
- 過剰酸素血症と低酸素血症は リスクと利益の両方を伴います
- 個々の参加者のデータメタアナリシスは,堅固な臨床的証拠のために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 極度の早産児における酸素飽和度 (SpO2) の低い対高い目標範囲の影響を比較する.
- 特定の新生児の死亡率に対する異なる SpO2 目標の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 5つのランダム化臨床試験 (2005年−2014年) の個々の参加者のデータを将来的に計画したメタ分析.
- 妊娠28週前に生まれた乳児
- より高い範囲 (91% - 95%) とより低い SpO2 目標範囲 (85% - 89%) を比較した.
主要な成果:
- SpO2の低値と高値のターゲットグループでは,18〜24ヶ月の年齢で死亡または重度の障害の主要な複合結果において有意な差異はなかった (53. 5% 対 51. 6%).
- SpO2 の値が低いターゲットグループは,死亡 (19. 9% 対 17. 1%) と重度の死腸炎 (9. 2% 対 6. 9%) のリスクが著しく高かった.
- SpO2 の低いターゲットグループは,早産の網膜症の治療を必要とするリスクが有意に低い (10. 9% 対 14. 9%).
結論:
- 極めて早産の乳児では,より高い範囲 (91% - 95%) と比較して,より低いSpO2範囲をターゲットにすることは,死亡または重大な障害の複合的な結果に有意な影響を及ぼさなかった.
- SpO2の目標値が低いと死亡と死滅性腸炎のリスクは高かったが,早産治療による網膜病変のリスクは低かった.
- 酸素飽和の目標に関する臨床的決定は,異なる疾患のトレードオフを考慮する必要があります.
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