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木星 の 極点 の 近く で 600 メガヘルツ の 流行 し て いる 雷 の 球体
Shannon Brown1, Michael Janssen2, Virgil Adumitroaie2
1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. shannon.t.brown@jpl.nasa.gov.
Nature
|June 8, 2018
まとめ
科学者は600メガヘルツの ジュビアン雷を検出し 地球の雷に似ていることを明らかにしました この発見は,ジュノ宇宙船によって行われ,また,木星では雷が一般的であることを示しています
科学分野:
- 惑星科学
- 大気物理学
- ラジオ天文学
背景:
- 木星の稲妻は以前は 光学画像と低周波電波 (ホイッスル) でしか検出されていませんでした
- 木星の稲妻は,高周波無線放射 (メガヘルツ範囲) が不足しているため,地上の稲妻と異なると考えられていた.
- 以前の研究では ジュピターの稲妻には 離電圏の衰弱や 放電が遅いメカニズムが示唆されていました
研究 の 目的:
- メガヘルツの周波数帯の ジュビアン 雷の放射を調査する
- 地球の雷と木星の雷の特徴を比較する
- 木星の稲妻の分布と 大気動力学への影響を理解する
主な方法:
- 広帯域電磁パルス (球体) を検出するためにジュノ宇宙船のマイクロ波放射計を使用した.
- ジュノーの最初の8回の軌道で 検出された377の雷球を分析した.
- 極から極への稲妻の空間分布をマッピングした.
主要な成果:
- 600メガヘルツの ジュビアン・ライトニング・スフィアを検知しました
- 北半球 (>40°N) でより頻繁に見られる.
- 観測された雷の分布は,湿ったコンベクションが極に向かって優遇的に重み付けられていることを示唆しています.
結論:
- 木星の雷の放電は 地上の雷とは 根本的に異なるものではありません
- 高周波検出は木星の大気中の雷の発生と拡散に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
- 木星の内部熱流と大気循環を理解するために重要です.
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