利己的な遺伝要素が米に メンデルのような遺伝を 与える
Xiaowen Yu1, Zhigang Zhao1, Xiaoming Zheng2
1National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 9, 2018
まとめ
qHMS7の毒素-解毒剤系のような 利己的な遺伝子要素が 男性の不妊症を引き起こします このシステムは,オープン・リーディング・フレーム2 (ORF2) とORF3を含むもので,米種の差異化を促進します.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学
- 分子生物学
- 進化生物学
背景:
- 利己的な遺伝要素は真核ゲノムに共通しているが,その機能については議論されている.
- ハイブリッドの男性の不妊性は 植物種の形成の重要な要因です
研究 の 目的:
- 野生の米 (Oryza meridionalis) と栽培された米 (Oryza sativa) の間のハイブリッド男性不妊症の遺伝的根拠を調査する.
- 特定された定量的な遺伝的場所,qHMS7の背後にある分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- ハイブリッドの不妊性の遺伝子分析
- qHMS7の配列分析
- 候補遺伝子の遺伝子発現と機能研究
主要な成果:
- qHMS7ロカスには,オープン・リーディング・フレーム2 (ORF2) とORF3という2つの密接な遺伝子が含まれています.
- ORF2は胞子毒素として働き 花粉の流産を引き起こします
- ORF3は花粉を保護するゲメトフィーティックな解毒剤として機能します
- ORF3の欠如は花粉の除去と分離の歪みに繋がります.
- 配列分析によると ORF3は ORF2より前に進化した.
結論:
- 新種の毒素対抗剤 (ORF2/ORF3) が,ハイブリッドの雄性不妊症の原因となっている.
- このシステムは 米種の差異化を促進し ゲノムの安定性を維持します
- この発見は 利己的な遺伝子の進化と影響について 洞察力を与えてくれます
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