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関連する概念動画

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

3.2K
Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
3.2K
Actin Polymerization01:42

Actin Polymerization

8.6K
Actin polymerization occurs through the head-to-tail association of binding sites on monomeric actin or G-actin to form filamentous or F-actin. The polymerization can be divided into three phases ̶  nucleation, elongation, and steady-state phase.
The nucleation phase involves forming a stable nucleus consisting of three actin monomers to form a new actin filament. Actin-binding proteins such as formins and Arp2/3 complex help filament growth post-nucleation. The Formins form straight...
8.6K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.4K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
4.4K
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

6.7K
Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
6.7K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

2.6K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
2.6K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.4K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
3.4K

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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
07:28

Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization

Published on: November 27, 2015

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触媒移転ポリメリゼーションにおけるリングウォーキング

Amanda K Leone1, Peter K Goldberg1, Anne J McNeil1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program , University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 16, 2018
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

触媒移転ポリメリゼーション (CTP) は結合ポリマーに対する制御を提供します. 触媒,リガンド,およびポリマーのアイデンティティは,将来のCTPアプリケーションをガイドする,ポリメリゼーションの活力およびチェーン成長行動に決定的な影響を及ぼします.

さらに関連する動画

Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst
07:39

Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: June 8, 2016

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Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture
09:53

Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture

Published on: May 13, 2018

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
07:28

Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization

Published on: November 27, 2015

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Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst
07:39

Facile Synthesis of Worm-like Micelles by Visible Light Mediated Dispersion Polymerization Using Photoredox Catalyst

Published on: June 8, 2016

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Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture
09:53

Predicting Catalyst Extrudate Breakage Based on the Modulus of Rupture

Published on: May 13, 2018

8.7K

科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 有機合成
  • 材料科学

背景:

  • 触媒移転ポリメリゼーション (CTP) は,分子特性を正確に制御する結合ポリマーを合成するための貴重な技術です.
  • CTPの生体性や連鎖成長性は,触媒とモノメアの選択に敏感であることが知られている.
  • これらの要因がポリメリゼーション条件下における主要な中間物質の安定性と反応性にどのように影響するかについては,理解は限られている.

研究 の 目的:

  • CTPにおける触媒の安定性およびリングウォーキング能力に対する触媒,補助リガンド,およびポリマーのアイデンティティの影響を調査する.
  • これらの重要なポリメリゼーションパラメータを評価するための簡単な実験的アプローチを開発する.
  • 多様なモノマーとコポリマーシステムに CTP を拡張するための洞察を提供すること.

主な方法:

  • 触媒の安定性とリングウォーキング現象を評価するための単純な実験装置の開発.
  • 実際のポリメリゼーション条件を模倣するために,現場で生成されたポリマーを使用します.
  • 補助リガンド,移行金属,およびポリマー背骨 (ポリ・チオフェン,ポリ・フェニレン) の体系的な変化.

主要な成果:

  • 補助リガンド,金属同一性,およびポリマーのタイプがCTP結果に大きく影響することを実証した.
  • 試験された全ての触媒で,ポリチオフェン系での長い距離での効率的な触媒のリングウォーキングが観察された.
  • ポリメリゼーションの制御における移行金属と補助リガンドの異なる役割を強調するポリフェニレンに関する明確な傾向を強調した.

結論:

  • CTPの中間物質の安定性と反応性は,触媒システムと成長するポリマー鎖の相互作用によって強く決定されます.
  • これらの構造-特性関係を理解することは,様々なモノマーに対してCTPを最適化するために不可欠である.
  • 発見は,新しい結合ポリマーのための触媒とポリメリゼーション条件の合理的な設計のための基礎を提供します.