2013年から2016年の米国における人口統計と都市化による肥満の流行の違い
Cynthia L Ogden1, Cheryl D Fryar1, Craig M Hales1,2
1National Center for Health Statistics, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland.
JAMA
|June 21, 2018
まとめ
子供の肥満の流行は人口統計によって変化し,重度の肥満は都市部以外の地域で高かった. 2001年から2016年の間に 都市化レベルにおいて 子どもの肥満の有意な傾向は観察されなかった.
科学分野:
- 小児の健康
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学について
背景:
- 子どもの肥満は 公衆衛生の重要な問題であり 記録された格差があります
- 人口統計と都市化による変動を理解することは,標的を絞った介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 人口統計と都市化によって,米国の若者 (2~19歳) の肥満と重度の肥満の流行を分析する.
- 2001年から2016年にかけての 都市化に関連した 子どもの肥満の傾向を調べる
主な方法:
- 国家保健栄養調査 (2001年−2016年) のデータを活用した.
- 肥満 (BMI ≥95パーセント) と重度の肥満 (BMI ≥120%の95パーセント) を決定するために測定された身長と体重を分析した.
- 参加者は人口統計的要因と都市化レベル (都市統計地域) によって分類される.
主要な成果:
- 2013年から2016年にかけて,肥満の罹患率は17.8%,重度の肥満は5.8%でした.
- 重度の肥満は,大都市以外の統計地域 (非MSA) で,大都市圏と比較して高かった.
- 肥満と重度の肥満は年齢や家庭の教育水準が低下するにつれて増加し,非ヒスパニック系黒人およびヒスパニック系若者では非ヒスパニック系白人若者よりも高かった.
結論:
- 子供の肥満には年齢,人種/民族,社会経済的地位によって大きな差異がある.
- 重度の肥満は 都市化レベルと逆の関連を示しました
- 2001~2004年と2013~2016年の都市化カテゴリーでは 肥満や重度の肥満の有意な傾向は見られなかった.
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