Search research articles

お問い合わせ

JoVEについて

概要リーダーシップブログ JoVEヘルプセンター

著者向け

出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿

図書館員向け

推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問

研究

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments アーカイブ

教育

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual 教員リソースセンター教員サイト

プライバシーポリシー

関連する概念動画

What is Natural Selection?

What is Natural Selection?

Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.

Antibiotic Selection

Antibiotic Selection

Types of Selection

Types of Selection

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...

Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.

Limits to Natural Selection

Limits to Natural Selection

Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.

Natural Selection and Adaptation

Natural Selection and Adaptation

Natural selection, a fundamental concept in evolutionary biology, is the mechanism by which evolution is driven, favoring organisms that are best adapted to their environments. This process enhances their chances of survival and reproduction. Adaptation, a key outcome of this process, involves genetic modifications that optimize an organism's functionality under specific environmental challenges, such as extreme cold or thinner air at high altitudes.
Beyond physical adaptations,...

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え

Same author

Ordering-Driven Biaxial Strain Engineering in PtNi Intermetallic Nanowires for Oxygen Reduction Catalysis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same author

Interfacial Active-Oxygen Transport in Inverse CuO<sub><i>x</i></sub>/Perovskite Catalysts for Low-Temperature CO Oxidation.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026

Same author

Oxygen vacancy-mediated photothermal CO<sub>2</sub> methanation over Ni/Ce-Zr solid solution catalysts.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2026

Same author

Self-Assembly Molecular Ordering for Strengthened Interface and Efficient Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same author

Cryo-EM-guided subtractive optimization of a novel VCP/p97 inhibitor.

IUCrJ·2026

Same author

Disposal of waste printed circuit boards in molten carbonates for valorization and metal recovery.

Waste management (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Search research articles

関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Published on: July 26, 2010

選択的水素化反応のための選択性コントローラーとしての多成分Ptベースのジグザグナノワイヤ

Shuxing Bai¹, Lingzheng Bu¹, Qi Shao¹

¹College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Jiangsu 215123 , China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|June 21, 2018

まとめ

プラチナベースのジグザグナノワイヤは,不飽和アルデヒドの選択的水素化の正確な制御を提供します. これらの触媒は不飽和アルコールや飽和アルデヒドに対する高い選択性を達成し,貴重な化学合成に不可欠です.

さらに関連する動画

A Web-Based Workflow for Selecting Gene- and Tissue-Specific Enhancers

A Web-Based Workflow for Selecting Gene- and Tissue-Specific Enhancers

Published on: July 18, 2025

Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry for Absolute Protein Quantification

Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry for Absolute Protein Quantification

Published on: August 17, 2015

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Primer-Free Aptamer Selection Using A Random DNA Library

Published on: July 26, 2010

A Web-Based Workflow for Selecting Gene- and Tissue-Specific Enhancers

A Web-Based Workflow for Selecting Gene- and Tissue-Specific Enhancers

Published on: July 18, 2025

Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry for Absolute Protein Quantification

Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry for Absolute Protein Quantification

Published on: August 17, 2015

科学分野:

異質な触媒
材料科学
有機合成

背景:

α,β不飽和アルデヒドの選択的水素化は,複数の反応部位があるため,重要な課題である.
特定の製品 (不飽和アルコールまたは飽和アルデヒド) に対して高い選択性を持つ触媒の開発は,依然として重要な目標です.

研究の目的:

選択的水素化触媒としてプラチナベースのジグザグナノワイヤ (ZNWs) を調査する.
不飽和アルコール (UOL) と飽和アルデヒド (SA) に対する選択性を制御するために,α,β-不飽和アルデヒド水素化.

主な方法:

PtベースのZNWの一連の合成.
α,β不飽和アルデヒドの水素化反応における触媒の性能の試験
選択性を理解するための表面特性と組成の分析

主要な成果:

PtFe ZNWsは優れたUOL選択性 (> 95%) を示した.
PtFeNi ZNWsとAlCl₃を組み合わせると,高いSA選択性 (> 94%) を達成した.
PtFe ZNW の表面Pt原子の低い電子密度は,UOLの選択性と相関している.
PtFeNi ZNWsとAlCl₃の間の相乗効果は,SAの選択性に寄与した.

結論:

PtベースのZNWは,α,β不飽和アルデヒド水素化における有効な選択性制御剤として作用する.
精密に制御された表面とPtベースのNWの構成は,触媒性能にとって不可欠です.
この研究は,選択的化学変換のための工学的なナノ材料の可能性を強調しています.