人類の死亡率の停滞:長寿の先駆者の人口統計
Elisabetta Barbi1, Francesco Lagona2, Marco Marsili3
1Department of Statistical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. elisabetta.barbi@uniroma1.it.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 30, 2018
まとめ
死亡率は105歳以上で 安定しているようです この発見は 極端な年齢での死亡率の増加に関する 以前の仮定に異議を唱え 人間の寿命の生物学的限界に関する理論を支持しています
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジー
- 人口統計
- 進化生物学
背景:
- 極端な年齢における 人間の長寿と死亡率を理解することは 生物学的限界と進化的形成に関する理論にとって 極めて重要です
- 高齢期の死亡率に関する以前の研究は,データ集積の欠陥によって制限され,危険率のパターンに関する議論が続いている.
研究 の 目的:
- 105歳以上の人々の危険率を推定することによって,極端な年齢での死亡率を調査する.
- 人間の死亡リスクの曲線が平坦化するか, 高齢化時に指数関数的に増加し続けるかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 2009年から2015年までの105歳以上のイタリアの全住民の総合的な死亡データを使用した.
- 記録された3836例のデータセットを分析し,1896年から1910年の間に生まれた個人に焦点を当てました.
- 極端な年齢における死亡傾向を特定するための年齢特有の危険率の推定
主要な成果:
- 死亡率は105歳を超えて実質的に一定になるのが観察されました
- 推定された危険度曲線は平らで,最も高齢の高齢者の死亡リスクは安定していた.
- これらの発見は強固で,以前の研究に影響を与えた 集積バイアスから自由です.
結論:
- 極端な年齢での死亡率の高台が存在する 最強の証拠です
- 寿命の生物学的限界が 高齢期の死亡率の平準化として表れるという仮説を支持する.
- 人間の長寿とその進化的意味を より正確に理解するのに寄与しています
関連する概念動画
01:24Biodiversity and Human Values
17.1K
Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather patterns and therefore human civilizations.
17.1K
01:28Human Genetics
1.6K
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
1.6K
01:26Requirements for Human Life
14.0K
The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a specific range of temperature and pressure that the Earth and its atmosphere provides.
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
14.0K
01:28Role of Proteins in the Human Body
6.4K
Proteins are the building block of life. They are also the most abundant macromolecules with as many diverse roles in the body. They are part of many structural components that provide unique shapes and structures to animal cells, tissues, and organs. In addition, they also act as biological catalysts and carry out several anabolic and catabolic reactions. Notably, some proteins are chemical messengers and regulate many critical processes, such as metabolism, growth, and development. They...
6.4K
01:28Maslow's Theory of Basic Human Needs
3.3K
Maslow's hierarchy is described with the help of a pyramidal shape. The most fundamental needs, physiological needs, are at the bottom of the pyramid.
Physiological needs such as hunger, thirst, sex, physical comfort, and survival are at the bottom of the pyramid. These are the components that are necessary to sustain life. Once the first level of needs has been met, the second level arises.
Safety needs include stability and predictability. Protection and freedom from danger are all a part...
Physiological needs such as hunger, thirst, sex, physical comfort, and survival are at the bottom of the pyramid. These are the components that are necessary to sustain life. Once the first level of needs has been met, the second level arises.
Safety needs include stability and predictability. Protection and freedom from danger are all a part...
3.3K
01:25Compounds Essential to Human Function
10.3K
The human body is composed of cells that are fundamentally made up of several different molecules. These molecules are essential to carry out all physiological processes in the body and are broadly classified into organic and inorganic based on their chemical structures.
Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
Inorganic compounds essential to human functioning include water, salts, acids, and bases. These compounds are inorganic, i.e., they do not have a carbon-hydrogen bond. Water...
Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
Inorganic compounds essential to human functioning include water, salts, acids, and bases. These compounds are inorganic, i.e., they do not have a carbon-hydrogen bond. Water...
10.3K