人間の喉頭運動皮質における声高の制御
Benjamin K Dichter1, Jonathan D Breshears2, Matthew K Leonard2
1Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; UC Berkeley and UCSF Joint Program in Bioengineering, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Cell
|June 30, 2018
まとめ
科学者たちは 声のピッチを制御する 脳の特定の領域を 喉頭後部運動皮質 (dLMC) で発見しました この発見は 人間の発話の音調と 音高の自発的な制御の ニューラル基盤に光を当てました
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 言語科学
- 言語学
背景:
- 声のピッチの調節は 人間の言葉の言語的意味を伝達し 発音パターンを形成するのに 極めて重要です
- この高度な声のコントロールは 類人猿に類まれない 人間の能力です
研究 の 目的:
- 声のピッチの 神経のエンコーディングを調査する
- 声のピッチを制御する 脳の特定の領域を特定する
主な方法:
- 高密度な皮質の録音は 自然言語のタスク中に人間の脳から直接行われました
- 声のピッチの選択的なエンコーディングを特定するために神経活動を分析しました.
- 特定された脳の領域の直接的焦点刺激は,因果的な役割を確認するために使用されました.
主要な成果:
- 双方向の喉頭運動皮質 (dLMC) のニューラル集団は,生成された声のピッチを選択的にエンコードすることが判明した.
- これらのdLMCサイトは,プロソディック強調のために使用される短いピッチのアクセントを制御する責任を負いました.
- 発音とより長いピッチフレーズの輪郭のために別々の皮質部位が特定されました.
- DLMCの直接刺激により 喉の動きと発声が起こされ 原因の役割が確認されました
結論:
- 背中の喉頭運動皮質 (dLMC) は,人間の言語における声のピッチの自発的な制御において重要な役割を果たします.
- これらの発見は 言語的コミュニケーションに不可欠な 発音パターンを生み出す 神経的基盤を明らかにしています
- この研究は 人間の発声制御の基礎にある 特殊な神経機構を強調しています
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