REST の代替スプライシング依存制御の欠陥は,聴覚障害を引き起こす
Yoko Nakano1, Michael C Kelly2, Atteeq U Rehman3
1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Inflammation Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Cell
|July 3, 2018
まとめ
REST遺伝子の代替スプライシングは 毛細胞のニューロンの遺伝子発現を制御することで 聴覚に不可欠です このスプライシングの欠陥はマウスとヒトで耳が聞こえない状態を引き起こしますが,HDAC阻害剤は潜在的な治療法を提供することができます.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学
- 神経科学
- 耳鼻喉科
背景:
- DNA結合タンパク質REST (RE1静止転写因子) は,ヒストン脱酸化酵素 (HDAC) 複合体を通じて,神経細胞以外の細胞における神経細胞遺伝子を抑制する.
- REST ダウンレギュレーションは通常,トランスクリプションサイレンスによって起こる.
研究 の 目的:
- 聴覚における代替スプライシングによるRESTの転写後の調節の役割を調査する.
- 聴覚機能のための機械感覚毛細胞におけるRESTの代替スプライシングの必要性を決定する.
主な方法:
- マウスの頭毛細胞におけるRest mRNAの代替スプライシングの分析.
- 特定のRest遺伝子の代替エクソンがヘテロジゴスで削除されたマウスの生成と特徴付け.
- ミュータントマウスにおける聴覚機能と毛細胞の変性評価
- HDAC阻害剤SAHA (Vorinostat) の治療効果の評価について
- 遺伝性失聴に関連したヒトのREST変異の調査
主要な成果:
- Rest mRNAにおけるフレームシフトを引き起こすエクソンの制御された代替スプライシングは,マウスの毛細胞におけるニューロン遺伝子の脱圧に不可欠である.
- この代替エクソンの異卵性欠失は毛細胞の変性およびマウスの聴覚障害を引き起こす.
- SAHA (Vorinostat) による治療は,Rest splicing欠陥を持つマウスの聴覚を回復させます.
- このフレームシフトスプライシングイベントを阻害する新しいヒトREST変種は,優位に遺伝する難聴と関連しています.
結論:
- 髪細胞の機能と聴覚を維持するために,RESTの代替スプライシング依存の調節が不可欠です.
- このスプライシングメカニズムの欠陥は ネズミとヒトの両方に 遺伝的失聴を引き起こします
- HDAC阻害剤は,ある種の遺伝性失聴に対する潜在的な治療戦略です.
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