ヒスティジン分解はメトトレキサート感受性の主要な決定因子である
Naama Kanarek1,2,3,4, Heather R Keys1, Jason R Cantor1,2,3,4
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Nature
|July 12, 2018
まとめ
ヒスティジンの分解経路はメトトレキサートに対する癌細胞の感受性に影響する. この経路の強化は,食事によるヒスティジンによる可能性があり,化学療法の有効性と患者の生存率を向上させる可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 腫瘍学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- メソトレクサートは,核酸合成に不可欠な二酸化葉酸還元酵素を阻害する化学療法薬です.
- メソトレクサートの高い毒性は,その有効性を制限し,がん細胞の感受性を改善するための戦略を必要とします.
- メソトレクサート反応を調節する遺伝子を特定することは,その治療の可能性を高めるための鍵です.
研究 の 目的:
- メソトレクサートに対する癌細胞の反応に影響を与える遺伝子を特定する.
- ヒスティジンの分解経路がメソトレクサートへの感受性における役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- CRISPR- Cas9スクリーニングは,メトトレキサート反応を調節する遺伝子を特定するために使用されました.
- 培養された癌細胞と in vivo 白血病の異種移植で実験を行った.
- 分析には遺伝子発現,細胞のテトラヒドロフォラート濃度,患者の生存データが含まれていた.
主要な成果:
- ヒスティジン分解に関与するFTCD遺伝子は,メトトレクサート感受性の調節剤として特定された.
- ヒスティジンの分解経路における遺伝子の枯渇は,がん細胞におけるメソトレクサートへの感受性を低下させた.
- ヒスティジンの分解はテトラヒドロフォラートを枯渇させ,メトトレクサートの効果を悪化させる.
- ヒスティジン分解の増加は,細胞系におけるメトトレキサート感受性と患者の生存率と相関する.
- ヒスティジン補給は in vivo でメトトレキサートの有効性を高めました.
結論:
- ヒスティジンの分解経路は,メトトレキサートに対する癌細胞の感受性に大きな影響を与えます.
- ヒスティジンの分解をターゲットに,おそらく食事の介入によって,メトトレクサートの有効性を改善する新しい戦略を提供します.
- この発見は 単純な代謝操作を通して 化学療法を最適化するための道を開きます
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