高速リチウムイオンエネルギー貯蔵用のニオビウム・ボルンガム酸化物
Kent J Griffith1, Kamila M Wiaderek2, Giannantonio Cibin3
1Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Nature
|July 27, 2018
まとめ
リチウムイオン電池の急速充電を可能にする ナイオビウム・トンガム酸化物を開発しました この突破はナノスケール化に代わって バッテリーの性能を向上させ 潜在的にコストを削減します
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- 電気化学
- 固体化学
背景:
- リチウムイオン電池の性能は,活性物質内のイオンおよび電子輸送によって制限されています.
- ナノスケールの活性粒子は充電速度を高めますが,体積密度,コスト,安定性を損ねます.
- 先進的なバッテリー技術には,急速なイオンインターケレーションのための代替材料の開発が不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 高速電極材料として複雑なニオビウム・ボルンガム酸化物を調査する.
- マイクロメートルの大きさの粒子を高速リチウムイオンインターキャレーションに使用する可能性を調査する.
- これらの酸化物における迅速な固体リチウム輸送を可能にするメカニズムを理解する.
主な方法:
- Nb16W5O55とNb18W16O93の複合酸化物の合成と特徴づけ
- リチウムイオン間隔と拡散係数の電気化学測定
- 結晶構造の分析,結晶学的な切断と青銅のような配列を含む.
- Li4Ti5O12やLiMn2O4のような従来のバッテリー材料との性能指標の比較
主要な成果:
- Nb16W5O55とNb18W16O93はマイクロメートルの大きさの粒子のリチウムインターケレーションの高率を示しています.
- 室温のリチウムイオン拡散係数は,典型的な電極材料よりも数桁高い.
- これらの酸化物は,多電子還酸化と緩衝体積膨張による優れた体積容量と速度性能を示しています.
- トポロジカルに阻害されたニオビウム / トングステンの多面構造は,固体リチウムの急速な輸送を容易にする.
結論:
- 複雑なニオビウム・トンガム酸化物は,高速充電型リチウムイオン電池のナノスケール化に適した代替手段です.
- 独特の構造と電子特性により,マイクロメートルの大きさの粒子を効率的にリチウム化できます.
- これらの発見は,エネルギー貯蔵システム,電極設計,および材料の発見に大きな意味を持っています.
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